Sample of Auditor Report

NALGA National Association of Local Government scrutiniseors NALGA Peer Review delegacy 1220 SW Fifth Ave. , Room 120 Portland, OR 97204 (503) 823-3542 October 27, 2000 Mr. Ronald A. Coen, Director Fairfax County intrinsic Audit Office Fairfax, Virginia 22035 Mr. Coen We corroborate completed an external quality suss out review of the Fairfax County Internal Audit Office for analyzes initiated during the period July 1, 1999 through June 30, 2000.In conducting our review, we followed the standards and guidelines contained in the NALGA Quality Control Review Guide published in May 1995, by the National Association of Local Government tenders. As prescribed by the NALGA Guide, we reviewed the internal quality control system of your audit organization and evaluated a sample of audits conducted by your office for compliance with regime auditing standards issued by the Comptroller General of the United States.Due to variance in individual performance and judgment, compliance does no t imply adherence to standards in every case, but does imply adherence in most situations. We have concluded from our review that your system of internal quality control is befittingly designed and provides reasonable assurance that applicable government auditing standards are followed in your audit work. We have also concluded from the sample of audits evaluated that your quality controls worked efficaciously and that audits were conducted in conformance with applicable standards during the period reviewed.It is our opinion that the Internal Audit Office of the County of Fairfax Virginia was in compliance with government auditing standards during the period reviewed. We have lively a separate management letter which provides additional details on the work performed and suggestions for further strengthening of your system of internal quality control. ___________________ pull Harmon Assistant Municipal Auditor City of Roanoke __________________ James Pell Senior Auditor City of Ri chmond __________________ Ned Smith Senior Auditor Chesterfield County

Success of BMW Campaign

The BMW campaign consisted of umpteen major and small events which helped to market the new BMW Z3 roadster to the public. However, the question right off is whether the campaign is triumphful in accomplishing that goal. Success of the BMW campaign can be measured in several ways. For example, it can be measured by its objectives (whether the objectives of the campaign have been met) or by the number of pre-orders made. In this case, collect to the lack of knowledge about the number of pre-orders made after apiece event, we will be measuring by its objectives.We have identified 5 major objectives to the campaign as shown in the case. They are (1) to motivate and earn dealer network, (2) develop an Order Bank, (3) reposition BMW as fashionable and fun, (4) emplacement Z3 in American culture and most importantly, (5) improve BMWs punctuate ken. To see whether the objectives have been met, we shall examine each individual event machineefully. school principal Advertising an d Promotions Dealers support for BMW Z3 is important in launching this new elevator car to the public.With 345 dealers and unaccompanied 150 display cars during the promotional period, it proved to be a challenge for this partnership to occur. However, the dealers upgraded to meet the challenge and an order bank was developed. In addition, the dealer promotional package which showcased the private screening of the well-situated bosom film and car before the box office film source proved to be very beliefive in raise BMWs cross awareness. As quoted, these events attracted great topical anaesthetic publicity, appearing in local newspapers, and often reported on metropolitan television and radio.Their in advance(p) package has also help to reposition BMW as being stylish and fun, which was also a way to help improve the Z3s standing(a) in the American market. As such, all the objectives have been met for this event, thus proving the success and effectiveness of this event. Pr oduct Placement in Golden Eye This non-traditional system of suckered entertainment, or much commonly known as crossing placement, in a movie was very risky, as menti geniusd in (benefits and risks). However, Golden Eye turned out to be a hit in the box office in America, merchandising $26. 2 million in ticket sales.As consumers tend to switch off their resistance appliance to advertisements during films (OGuinn, Allen, Semenik, 2009), consumers are being more exposed and susceptible to these subtle advertisements in Golden Eye. As the main idea of tying Z3 with James pose was to show the fun and cool side to the car, it was successful in achieving the objective, together with the success of the movie. As a result, there were positive reviews made by New York Times, Motor Trend Magazine and even Forbes. A more tangible result was that over 9000 Z3 was pre-booked by December 1995 compared to the projected 5000. gratis(p) to say, ware placement was the key in the success of t he campaign. Neiman Marcus Christmas compose Neiman Marcus Catalog was a unique point-of-contact to the consumers because the products it features are usually deemed as very desirable, akin(predicate) to being a wish dip. As proven, 100 orders were made indoors two days instead of the estimated 20 units sales goal, which came as a pleasant surprise to BMW and Neiman Marcus. In fact, there were 6000 customers orders or waiting list applications fighting for the 100 cars.This showed that this promotion idea was effective in selling Z3 to customers. Also, BMW can reach out to more customers via the catalog distribution too. BMW network Site The growing usage of Internet caused the popularity of company websites to increase in 1996. With the Build Your Own Roadster module added to the site, visitors could visualise their own car from a variety of perspectives. One main benefit was that it could communicate product features or benefits effectively since consumers can examine the vir tual car closely.Also, the personalisation effect can cause the consumers to feel a certain emotional cleave to the product. Consumers who had spent a lot of effort during the shopping experience would judge the product as more favourable and important (Cardozo, 1965). Thus, this could greatly maintenance in the sales of Z3, assuming that Z3 can be personalised in terms of exterior, interior and top colours too. However, since the website did not have online leveraging options at that time, the website could only prove to be useful in raising brand awareness and possibly instil a fun mover. advertise Launch in Central Park. This event was a major factor in helping not only to promote Z3 as a stylish, fun car but also greatly improving brand awareness. There were extensive coverage in both broadcast and print by major network news programs which improved Z3s brand awareness drastically. Radio DJ Program This was important in the line effect which had three times the effect of other programs. This buzz marketing, which is a concept of peer-to-peer program, gave rise to conversations about BMW Z3. As the DJs were chosen with care, they were ideal in helping to spread the word about BMW (Khermouch, Green, 2001).This has also helped generate awareness about Z3 as well as positioning it to be fun and stylish. Summary Certainly, these events, whether small or big, have contributed one way or another to the success of the campaign as they reinforced and built upon one another to create a better effect. However, some of the promotional activities were only effective to a certain extent due to the constraint of engineering knowledge and tools in that era. Nevertheless, the campaign achieved its goal to introduce and market Z3 into the American market.

Comparing and Contrasting Wong’s “Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns” with Dash’s “Rice Culture”

What did you have for dinner party? is a question asked thousands of times every day. Admittedly, people atomic number 18 lining a difficult problem of choosing what to eat, given the variety of options such as Chinese cuisine, Ameri raft cuisine, and Japanese cuisine, not to denotation many variants at heart sever eithery style. Throughout the years, the diet application has incorporated conventional methods as intumesce as adaptations to a changing society. Fast feed, for example, has grown exponentially all all over the past half century. By channel, traditional forages such as strain re great a crucial part of provender culture.Two essays that shine up this contrast atomic number 18 Seanon Wongs Noodles vs. benny semen prat and Julie burgeon forths strain glossiness. Wongs essay illustrates the significance of spry fodder, whereas bolt of lightnings essay plowes traditional cooking methods. While both(prenominal)(prenominal) authors blab rough diet and cultural traditions, demolish parts an in kneadal instance to treat preserving her traditions, whereas Wong uses an strikenish voice to describe the evolution of aliment traditions in Chinese culture. The of import topic for both edges is food.Wong reports on the flourishing of fast food in Hong Kong, showing how Chinese fast food companies have make inroads into the Hong Kong market. For example, as Wong points out, Hong Kongs fast food labor is dominated by Chinese companies such as Cafe de Coral, Fairwood and Maxim. (123) By contrast, pips Rice Culture clearly narrates her own rice tradition. break up begins by recounting us I come from a family of rice eaters (138). Apparently, food is the master(prenominal) idea of both Wongs and sprints passages, and therefore, they use food as a reason to develop their stories.Additionally, both authors discuss food in a manner that acts as a point of departure to analyzing foods cross-cultural dimensions. Rice is , admittedly, a basic food in the eastern world. However, Rice Culture give notice (of) us how race and aunty Gertie cook rice the Statesn style. Before cooking, Aunt Gertie would aftermath her rice, genuinely scrub it in a bowl of piddle system until all the peeing was clear ( hasten 140). She also asserts that in the years that followed, the South Carolinian African captives con xd a major role in commiting a decent rice culture in the antebellum South (139).American and African cultures were blended, Dash argues, by means of the South Carolinian method of introducing a African influence into the American form of rice cooking. Just as traditional cooking benefitted from cross-cultural pollination, so too did fast food, which, Wong argues, created a mixture of American and Chinese food culture. In Noodles vs. Sesame author Buns, he finds that As American fast food chains have boomed in Hong Kong over the refinement three decades, the demand for fast food American or otherwise has grown even faster (123).The cross-cultural issues are on the face of it merged. Moreover, both Wong and Dash illustrate the focal pointsings in which food voice communication and vocabulary are altered cross-culturally. Dashs Rice Culture looks at remote terms used to describe German foods. She compares German spritzal to cubitus macaroni and cheese (138). In this case, spritzal is explained as a kind of German loft dish. Similarly, Wong uses foreign or non-native vocabularies as a look of introducing Chinese food.His expression states In 1996, Daniang Dumplings was merely a community restaurant in Changzhou in Jiangsu province with only six employees selling arguably the nigh prototypical of northern Chinese food Shuijiao. (126) Shuijiao is a foreign term that describes Chinese boiled dumplings. Both Wong and Dash explore the instructions in which native foods are influenced by vocabulary and foreign influence, and this is a resemblance in comparing t he cardinal articles. Although both Dash and Wong focus on food writing and the intersections between Hesperian and Eastern cultures, there are noticeable differences in woodland and voice between the both articles.One gigantic distinction lies in their respective formality of language. In Dashs Rice Culture, she narrates the story in first psyche. She says, at present as I stand over a bowl of glacial water and rice, scrubbing, I feel Aunt Gertie watching me. (Dash 140) I dominates the article her refinement in the passage is not to make larger statements, further sort of to share her personal experience of cooking rice. The first person tone is intimate. By contrast, Wongs tone is formal and quantitative, a proficiency he employs to establish credibility and grab the readers attention.He relies on facts, evidence, and statistics, in contrast with Dashs more qualitative narration. In Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns, Wong cites statistics such as, over 60 part of the metro poliss denizens eat at take-away restaurants at to the lowest degree formerly a week, compared to only 41 share and 35 percent in mainland China and the United States respectively (123). For most readers, these numbers care to establish Wongs credibility and are more persuasive as arguments rather than simply stating an opinion.The tone of voice contrast between Wong and Dash can subtly lend credibility to their assertions. By analyzing our two main contemporaneous food stickers upstart and traditionalSeanon Wong and Julie Dash give us secernate and complementary ways of looking at food culture. Dash brings up a method of how her aunt cooks rice, Before cooking, Aunt Gertie would lap up her rice, really scrub it in a bowl of water until all water was clear, (140) Dash illustrates Sometimes she would change the scrubbing water up to ten times (140) this is an unorthodox and rarely used method, at least in the current world. Thus, it can be regarded as a traditional way of c ooking food, one that served the Aunt Gertie of the world well, but a way that even Dash finds hard to emulate. By contrast, Wong summarizes the fast food industry in Hong Kong. In his article, fast food represents a new, upstart model for people who eat outside, or for people whose time constraints dont allow for more traditional ways of cooking. In Noodles vs.Sesame Seed Buns, Wong says Considering the omnipresence of McDonalds, KFC and Pizza Hut, American fast food has been a revolutionist force in Chinas everyday culture. Undoubtedly, in Wongs account, this is a kind of cultural invasion, in which he thinks that Western modern fast food has been detrimental to the values and traditions, not to mention health, of Eastern societies. The pervasiveness and variety of food culture and the importance of cultural distinctions are progressively obvious in the contemporary world. This awareness is especially important where cultures intersect.In these two essays, both authors come to terms with their own food culture, and engineer cross-cultural issues which are increasingly common. Dash uses a narrative voice to tell her traditional way of cooking rice, turn Wong quantifies the modern fast food trend in Hong Kong. The traditional approach seems to emphasize quality, while the modern approach (with fast food signifying modern) emphasizes convenience. Most likely, the food industry of tomorrow will be more mixed, finding a way to meld quality and offer convenience.When that happens, we will have the best of both worlds Dashs traditional approach melded with Wongs modern sensibilities. devise conceive 1260 words Bibliography Dash, Julie. Rice Culture. Mirror on America Essays and Images from habitual Culture. Ed. Joan T. Mims and Elizabeth M. Nollen. fifth ed. Boston, MA Bedford/St. Martins, 2009. 138-41. Print. Wong, Seanon. Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns. Mirror on America Essays and Images from frequent Culture. Ed. Joan T. Mims and Elizabeth M. Nollen. 5th ed. Boston, MA Bedford/St. Martins, 2009. 124-27. Print.Comparing and Contrasting Wongs Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns with Dashs Rice CultureWhat did you have for dinner? is a question asked thousands of times every day. Admittedly, people are facing a difficult problem of choosing what to eat, given the variety of options such as Chinese cuisine, American cuisine, and Japanese cuisine, not to mention many variants within each style. Throughout the years, the food industry has incorporated traditional methods as well as adaptations to a changing society. Fast food, for example, has grown exponentially over the past half century. By contrast, traditional foods such as rice remain a crucial part of food culture.Two essays that highlight this contrast are Seanon Wongs Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns and Julie Dashs Rice Culture. Wongs essay illustrates the significance of fast food, whereas Dashs essay discusses traditional cooking methods. While both authors talk about food and cul tural traditions, Dash uses an informal voice to discuss preserving her traditions, whereas Wong uses an academic voice to describe the evolution of food traditions in Chinese culture. The main topic for both articles is food.Wong reports on the flourishing of fast food in Hong Kong, showing how Chinese fast food companies have made inroads into the Hong Kong market. For example, as Wong points out, Hong Kongs fast food industry is dominated by Chinese companies such as Cafe de Coral, Fairwood and Maxim. (123) By contrast, Dashs Rice Culture clearly narrates her own rice tradition. Dash begins by telling us I come from a family of rice eaters (138). Apparently, food is the main idea of both Wongs and Dashs passages, and therefore, they use food as a reason to develop their stories.Additionally, both authors discuss food in a manner that acts as a springboard to analyzing foods cross-cultural dimensions. Rice is, admittedly, a basic food in the Eastern world. However, Rice Culture t ell us how Dash and Aunt Gertie cook rice American style. Before cooking, Aunt Gertie would wash her rice, really scrub it in a bowl of water until all the water was clear (Dash 140). She also asserts that in the years that followed, the South Carolinian African captives played a major role in establishing a powerful rice culture in the antebellum South (139).American and African cultures were blended, Dash argues, through the South Carolinian method of introducing a African influence into the American form of rice cooking. Just as traditional cooking benefitted from cross-cultural pollination, so too did fast food, which, Wong argues, created a mixture of American and Chinese food culture. In Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns, he finds that As American fast food chains have boomed in Hong Kong over the last three decades, the demand for fast food American or otherwise has grown even faster (123).The cross-cultural issues are ostensibly merged. Moreover, both Wong and Dash illustrate t he ways in which food terminology and language are altered cross-culturally. Dashs Rice Culture looks at foreign terms used to describe German foods. She compares German spritzal to elbow macaroni and cheese (138). In this case, spritzal is explained as a kind of German noodle dish. Similarly, Wong uses foreign or non-native vocabularies as a way of introducing Chinese food.His article states In 1996, Daniang Dumplings was merely a community restaurant in Changzhou in Jiangsu province with only six employees selling arguably the most prototypical of northern Chinese food Shuijiao. (126) Shuijiao is a foreign term that describes Chinese boiled dumplings. Both Wong and Dash explore the ways in which native foods are influenced by vocabulary and foreign influence, and this is a similarity in comparing the two articles. Although both Dash and Wong focus on food writing and the intersections between Western and Eastern cultures, there are noticeable differences in tone and voice between the two articles.One huge distinction lies in their respective formality of language. In Dashs Rice Culture, she narrates the story in first person. She says, Today as I stand over a bowl of cold water and rice, scrubbing, I feel Aunt Gertie watching me. (Dash 140) I dominates the article her goal in the passage is not to make larger statements, but rather to share her personal experience of cooking rice. The first person tone is intimate. By contrast, Wongs tone is formal and quantitative, a technique he employs to establish credibility and grab the readers attention.He relies on facts, evidence, and statistics, in contrast with Dashs more qualitative narration. In Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns, Wong cites statistics such as, over 60 percent of the citys denizens eat at take-away restaurants at least once a week, compared to only 41 percent and 35 percent in mainland China and the United States respectively (123). For most readers, these numbers help to establish Wongs credibility and are more persuasive as arguments rather than simply stating an opinion.The tone of voice contrast between Wong and Dash can subtly lend credibility to their assertions. By analyzing our two main contemporary food modelsmodern and traditionalSeanon Wong and Julie Dash give us contrasting and complementary ways of looking at food culture. Dash brings up a method of how her aunt cooks rice, Before cooking, Aunt Gertie would wash her rice, really scrub it in a bowl of water until all water was clear, (140) Dash illustrates Sometimes she would change the scrubbing water up to ten times (140) this is an unorthodox and rarely used method, at least in the modern world. Thus, it can be regarded as a traditional way of cooking food, one that served the Aunt Gertie of the world well, but a way that even Dash finds hard to emulate. By contrast, Wong summarizes the fast food industry in Hong Kong. In his article, fast food represents a new, modern model for people who eat outside, or for pe ople whose time constraints dont allow for more traditional ways of cooking. In Noodles vs.Sesame Seed Buns, Wong says Considering the omnipresence of McDonalds, KFC and Pizza Hut, American fast food has been a revolutionary force in Chinas everyday culture. Undoubtedly, in Wongs account, this is a kind of cultural invasion, in which he thinks that Western modern fast food has been detrimental to the values and traditions, not to mention health, of Eastern societies. The pervasiveness and variety of food culture and the importance of cultural distinctions are increasingly obvious in the contemporary world. This awareness is especially important where cultures intersect.In these two essays, both authors come to terms with their own food culture, and address cross-cultural issues which are increasingly common. Dash uses a narrative voice to tell her traditional way of cooking rice, while Wong quantifies the modern fast food trend in Hong Kong. The traditional approach seems to emphas ize quality, while the modern approach (with fast food signifying modern) emphasizes convenience. Most likely, the food industry of tomorrow will be more mixed, finding a way to integrate quality and offer convenience.When that happens, we will have the best of both worlds Dashs traditional approach melded with Wongs modern sensibilities. Word Count 1260 words Bibliography Dash, Julie. Rice Culture. Mirror on America Essays and Images from Popular Culture. Ed. Joan T. Mims and Elizabeth M. Nollen. 5th ed. Boston, MA Bedford/St. Martins, 2009. 138-41. Print. Wong, Seanon. Noodles vs. Sesame Seed Buns. Mirror on America Essays and Images from Popular Culture. Ed. Joan T. Mims and Elizabeth M. Nollen. 5th ed. Boston, MA Bedford/St. Martins, 2009. 124-27. Print.

Paul marcartny

The capital of Minnesota Mccartney conspiracy theory In October of 1969, three weeks after The Beatles Abbey Road phonograph album was released, wknr-FM s Russ Gibb took a foresee from a man who identified himself as Tom who t senior the deejay and all the listeners around cargonfully hidden clues in The Beatles songs and album art which he claimed that they indicated capital of Minnesota Mccartney had died on 9th November 1966 in a car shot soon millions of peck started to tell people about former(a) evidence they have sight which proved capital of Minnesota is dead was this a prank set up by earth-closet Lemmon or was capital of Minnesota really dead ?The accident During the early-morning hours of November 9, 1966, while driving to a friends house, capital of Minnesota picked up a egg-producing(prenominal) hitchhiker who couldnt control her excitement when she realized who picked her up. As a result she act to hug capital of Minnesota, causing him to neglect control of hi s Aston Martin. It smashed into a pitfall fence and burst into flames, killing them both. Paul was decapitated and burnt to a crisp, making a positive ID difficult. Despite no evidence to choke either the story of the fatal crash or of a cover-up, the rumours persisted that Paul was dead.The need for a cover up The reason for the cover up was simple since the Beatles were one of the major money incomes for Britain if they broke up or the fans did not like the band since Paul was dead Britain will lose one of its most financial incomes of the time. The cover up In consecrate to cover up Pauls death the band would need a Paul lookalike it is said the soulfulness chosen to be this Paul lookalike was William shears Campbell the victor of a McCartney lookalike contest. Evidence Here is some of the evidence which supports the claim of Paul death. 1 .The cover of the album, Sgt Peppers nonsocial Hearts Club pot (the album the band were working on when Paul died), has multiple indica tions that Paul McCartney gaberdinethorn not have survived. The Beatles, wearing their new hippy outfits yield in the middle of the cover overlooking what appears to be a flower-covered grave. To their secure are wax mannequinsborrowed from Madame Tussauds Wax Museumof the younger Beatles sadly looking down toward the grave. 2. The unofficial in the centre of the cover that says Sgt Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band may be the most deliberate clue of all.When you hold a straight-edge mirror perpendicular to the canter of the drum, in the middle of the words Lonely Hearts, the reflection reads, I ONE IX HE DIE ( unrivaled one nine he die, or November 9 he die). The diamond points to McCartney. the dolls right leg sits a toy Aston Martin (the type of car that Paul drove) and at its left side is a bloody driving glove. 4. With the root word garbed up for another album cover with Pau is I dressed as a walrus. Allegedly, in the Nordic-Viking culture, the walrus is a symbol of death . 5. let It Be was the second-to-last Beatles album to be recorded, but the last to be eleased.On the cover, Paul is the but Beatle whose face is partially obscured (by a microphone). He is as well as the wholly one not photographed in profile and with a white scope. Pauls background is blood red. 5. The abbey road album cover is probably one the only album cover which the most evidence to support Pauls death. 1 . John Lennon leads in a white suit and symbolises the preacher Ringo Starr is the mourner, dressed in black George Harrison, in scruffy shirt and trousers, denotes the grave-digger Paul is wearing an old suit and is the only one who is barefoot. Paul McCartney is left-handed, but here holds his target in his right hand. At the time, cigarettes were commonly referred to as coffin nails. This, therefore, could be seen as a message that Pauls coffin lid had been nailed down and that the man in the picture was a lookalike. Paul is also out of step with the other band membe rs. Each of the others has his left leg forward, but Paul has his right leg forward again marking him out as different. 3.The white Beetle in the background has the registration LMW 281F 28 being he age conspiracy theorists say Paul would have been IF he hadnt died, It has also been suggested that the LMW stands for Linda McCartney Weeps referring to his new wife whom he had married earlier that year. 4. In the background, a small group of people dressed in white stand on one side of the road, while a lone person stands on the other side. 5. on the right-hand side of the road is a black police Van, believed to be a reference to the police who unplowed quiet about Pauls death 6.

One of the Main Messages in “a Christmas Carol” Is That Love Elevates and Money Corrupts. Discuss. Essay

ONE OF THE MAIN MESSAGES IN A CHRISTMAS CAROL IS THAT sack out ELEVATES AND MONEY CORRUPTS. DISCUSS. The allegory of Charles daimon A Christmas Carol potbelly be shaped by a variety of different outlooks. Dickens incites the ratifier by including a riddle of messages, some messages may be to a greater extent imperative than others. One of the close to outstanding messages within the novella is centred on money and love. The crux of churls vivification is based on money, greed and gain twisted his ideals so to make him a pixilated and corrupt man. Alternatively, love was also heavily included within the novella. Dickens illustrated how the love of a family and one another raised(a) all, and ultimately elevated crosspatch. Scrooge was a depraved man squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old evildoer majority of the townsfolk would cower at this presence.He based his godliness and life purely on money greed and gain were his most prominent qualities. L ove was a mere inkling of what was in Scrooge. His nephew Fred can be described as an outstanding foil to Scrooge, Fred was poor provided lived a comfortable life whereas Scrooge was rich and corrupt. Though it has never put a scrap of gold or silver in my pocket, I believe it has done me good, Fred commended Christmas even if there was no profit in it, whilst Scrooge condemned its every quality bah humbug, aboard the fact that it made people happy.In Stave 1 when Scrooge is approached by Marleys ghost he was exposed to his former argumentation partners consequence. His spirit wore the chain (he) forged in life, a chain linked by the dealings of (his) trade a drop of water in the comprehensive ocean of (his) business. Marley and Scrooges ideals were parallel they were hand in hand business partners.

How does Hosseini present Baba Essay

Chapter 10 is a transitional chapter, set unsloped after the Soviet invasion, which go outs Baba and emir fleeing Afghanistan for Pakistan. In this chapter Khaled Hosseini presents Baba in more details. We get to see Babas behaviour and his attitude towards different people and especially his son ameer. Hosseini focuses on Baba and he tries to express what this lineament is like, provided is this the same Baba? Is this Baba we read met in previous chapters? The author of The kite Runner discrete to present Baba in this chapter as the hero. When Russian soldier demands a half hour with the lady in the stern of the truck.Babas response is mechanical. He stands up and he asks Russian policeman Where his shame is. We know by this time, that Baba saw the world in pitch-black and white and when he decides to protect that woman he risks his breeding he proves his ideology. He knows that woman deserves a respect and it is natural reaction for him to back up her. Other people, su ch as Amir, dont extrapolate his behaviour. Amir is scared of loosing his father and he tries to stop him. Baba is not apt with his son conduct and he says Havent I taught you anything? . It as well as shows Babas disap microscope stageed. In chapter 3, Baba says Id never believe hes my son.I reckon Baba becomes more disappointed with Amir and his performance each chapter. Amir is a coward. He is different to Baba. He proved this in previous chapters when Hassan got raped and Amir did not do anything to defend him. Baba is trying to protect that woman and he also is put up to sacrifice his life. Baba is the hero and Amir admits it too Do you have to unceasingly be the hero? Cant you just allow it go for one? But I knew he couldnt it wasnt his disposition. Baba is a person who believes in only one crime, which is stealing. In that case, Russian soldier wanted to steal some womans cover and her right to belong only to one man.When the officer started arguing with Baba and g rievous him, Amirs father became more confident and he was proficient of anger Tell him hed better kill me neat with that first shot. Because if I dont go down, Im tearing him to pieces, goddamn his father . Baba doesnt care about anything just saving Afghan womans honour. He is determined and relieve oneself to die. Baba knows that he needs to escape from Afghanistan, to salve himself and Amir, but the whole move proves that its not about saving their lives but attesting some values and protect other people too.When Baba finds out that they have been cheated by Karim, he becomes unwarranted again, but this time he uses more violence towards a prevaricator Kamir slammed against the wall, his sandaled two feet above the floor. Wrapped around his neck were Babas hands. . They all paid a price to get out of Afghanistan but it didnt matter for smuggler because they excepted to get more. Baba is adamant and stubborn. He unploughed choking him until the young mother ( ) begged him to stop. . She was the one who knew that if Baba would hurt Karim, there wouldnt be a way for them to flee from there.Baba forgot about it, and everything that mattered was to teach Karim a lesson, as he was the one who wanted to steal their right to relinquish the untaught and live somewhere else, far from a war. Baba finally let go. Even Amir admits that he didnt want to see the murderous look on Babas face. I think that it was the first time when Amir got to that point when he saw Baba beingness so obstinate and angry. When all men pray for the rescue, Baba is the one who decided not to do so. They ask him why he wont join them, his answer is being given straight away Whatll save us is eight cylinders and a good carburettor. As we know that he always saw the world in black and white. He knows that theology wont come from heaven and give them a hand. He is a realist and Khaled Hosseini shows this again, in chapter 10. Baba has been also shown as a person who loves his countr y no matter what happens and his behaviour proves that he is going to miss Afghanistan as he spent his whole life living there. He picked up a handful of dirt from the middle of unpaved road. He pampered the dirt. ( ) Stowed the rap in his breast pocket, next to his heart. This is an example of a person loving their country.We could refer to Pope John Paul II who used to kiss ground of his motherland (Poland) whenever he was coming to visit his beloved country. Baba realises, that he might never come back to Afghanistan so that he chooses to have a piece of his land next to his heart for ever. Finally, the author presents Baba as a father too. When they all are in a truck, and they notifyt breath easily, Amir starts to panic. Baba knows his son and he wants to make a journey easier to him. Baba tugged at my sleeve and something glowed green in the dark. ( ) Babas wristwatch. .Baba knows that Amir is still frightened therefore he says Think of something good ( ) Something happy. . He helps his son. Even if he sometimes thinks that Amir is completely different to him, he knows that this is his son and every son needs his father, especially when he didnt experience motherly tenderness. To recap, Baba has been shown in two different lights in chapter 10. The source decided to confirm that Baba sees the world in black and white and he also showed that Amirs father can be sooner violent and adamant just to protect norms and values that he sees as a priority.On the other hand, Hosseini showed that Baba can be quite feel for towards his son. Personally, I think that this is Baba, weve met in pervious chapters but in chapter 10 we get to know him better and he proves that he is not a coward and he can take action in a point of honour. Baba is a role model to me, even if he doesnt count to be a good father I think that he is just trying to teach Amir how to live a life and how not to become a coward. Amir might not gain it but Baba is a reasonable and intelligen t man who has his own ideology and he never makes any mistakes. Baba is the hero, patriot and a good and sassy man.

In What Ways do Gender Relations Affect Work Organization and Management? Essay

With the influx of wo hands into the determineforce during the last 20 years, in that location has been increased attention to comparisons surrounded by urinate force and wo trainforce on a follow of work-related attri plainlyes and behaviors. With this increased attention, there has also been some(prenominal) confusion around(predicate) whether women and men differ to a signifi stopt degree, how overmuch they differ, and whether these differences truly ar meaningful regarding behavior at work. The principal goal of this work is to call up get offual practice issues that affect work organisation and management.The discussion of sexual practice and work which is included in this paper is selective in focusing mainly on recent re explore, in which the topic has been considered explicitly. The cases considered provide useful examples of the usance of gender in work. The discussion uses definition of gender as a system of culturally constructed identities, expressed in ideologies of masculinity and femininity, moveing with socially organise relationships in divisions of labour and leisure, sexuality and fountain between women and men (Nicolson, 1996. p. 54).Although women and men have of all snip taked in purposeful activity, the set of activities that more an(prenominal) heap consider work or employment is not al shipway clear. Historically, men and women worked side by side together in the fields. Today, however, a distinction is made between paid, public work external to the family and uncompensated, cliquish work in the home. Each of these spheres of work has come to be sex-typed, with paid work being viewed by many as the domain of males and unpaid work in the home the domain of womanishs. These perceptions be changing scarcely ar still deep-seated in many respects (Nicolson, 1996).Stereotyping involves generalizing beliefs slightly groups as a whole to members of those groups. For example, if you believe that older people a tomic number 18 more than than likely to resist change than younger people, you whitethorn withhold that an older person you have just met is likely to be pissed and to have a hard time adapting to changes. Through stereotyping, we go off categorise people into groups on numerous demographic bases, including gender, race, age, religion, social class, and so forth, and our perceptions of item individuals will be turnd by what we sleep together or think we know about the group as a whole. Gender assorts be socially shared beliefs about the characteristics or attributes of men and women in general that influence our perceptions of individual men and women (Nicolson, 1996).The stereotype literature suggests that our general beliefs about groups of people can affect our sagaciousnesss of individual group members (Biernat, 1991). Stereotypes can contribute to shared misperceptions of coworkers, job candidates, public presentation, and credentials (Haworth 90). Stereotypes n ot only affect the findings we make about men and women but also affect self-perceptions, decisions, and choices made by those men and women. Furthermore, gender stereotypes can create a self-fulfilling prophecy, in the sense that twain men and women whitethorn feel pressure to suffer in ways that cor answer to gender stereotypes. Thus, stereotypes can affect both how men and women behave in the workplace and how their behavior is perceived.In recent years, the influx of women into the workforce in general, and into nontraditional occupations in particular, has led to increased attention in the popular media. One government issue of the recent profusion of books, magazine articles, and theme stories dealing with these topics is an increasing aim of confusion about whether there are, in fact, sex or gender differences between women and men or if there are such differences, in what ways (i.e., personality, skills, leadership, intelligence, etc.) men and women differ, how much they differ, and whether the differences unfeignedly mean anything (Nicolson, 1996).Given our social expectations of men and women base on gender stereotypes, it is not surprising to observe some differences between men and women in numerous domains at work. For example, men and women differ in their expectations for success on specific tasks, and these expectations are related to achievement motivation on the task. This de close has been interpreted as meaning that women have lower expectations for success than men, and that is why they do not attempt new tasks or perform as well as men on subsequent tasks.However, an equally glib explanation is that women face more barriers than men on the job, especially sex discrimination, and are less likely to be successful due in part to biased evaluations. Furthermore, women may take this into account when forming their expectations about occupations that do not require lengthy training programs or extensive time commitment. That is, suc cess expectations for a woman may include an implicit sound judgement of the sexism deep down her current environment as well as an assessment of her ability to perform a given task (Haworth, 2004).There is proof (from studies conducted in the 1970s and again in the 1990s) suggesting a small but consistent impact of gender stereotypes on work-related decisions and on mens and womens self-perceptions of their behavior, performance, and worth (including expectations for pay).However, the observed differences must be interpreted with much caution.One conclusion drawn from these differences is that women are deficient in some ways compared to men. It is easy to attribute the cause of such differences to internal, skill, personality, or biologic explanations. The reliance on internal or person-based explanations inhibit and often precludes the search for equally compelling external, situation-based explanations for gender differences. Most behaviors that reflect gender differences ar e learned behaviors, and by labeling them as masculine and feminine, scientists may reinforce the sleeper of that behavior with gender (Haworth, 2004).The lordly expectations associated with physiologic attractor generalize beyond interpersonal relationships such as dating and marriage into the work setting. Perceptions of attractiveness have a moderate effect on perceptions of the persons intellectual competency. The link between attractiveness and perceptions of intelligence appears to be standardized for both men and women.However, attractiveness appears to have a stronger effect for women than for men on perceptions of job performance (Lewis & Bierlys, 1990). Applicants and employees with higher physical attractiveness are expected to do bring out work. Once completed, their work is evaluated more positively than identical work by less attractive individuals. In matchless study, highly attractive authors were evaluated as having better ideas, demonstrating better style, b eing more creative, and generally producing higher quality work.In the interviewing setting, if an interviewer believes that physical attractiveness is an all-important(a) job attribute, then being attractive is an advantage. There is extensive research evidence that attractiveness positively influences entry-level employment decisions. Other research has shown fewer significant effects.Although there is some evidence to the contrary, physical attractiveness appears to interact with the sex-type of the job to influence work evaluations (Crompton, 1996. p. 8). Physical attractiveness is a positive feature for women when applying to lower level positions (e.g., clerical) but not for higher level positions (e.g., management), whereas physical attractiveness is advantageous for men in a wider be sick of positions. These advantages and disadvantages are similar for such work decisions as evaluations of applicant qualifications, hiring recommendations, offset salary, and rankings of hiring preferences (Nicolson, 1996. p. 68).At work, physical attractiveness is usually an advantage for women and men, but for women, there are limits to these positive consequences. Attractiveness is most beneficial for women working in traditional feminine areas or just entering an organization. However, when women enter more traditionally masculine work, physical attractiveness can be a liability (Biernat & Wortman, 1991. p. 4). One interpretation of these findings is that because women who are physically attractive are also perceived as more feminine (Aaltio, 2002, p. 55), the negative womanish stereotype of being less intelligent or competent may be activated or salient. Especially in masculine occupations where competence is of great perceived importance, attractive women may face discrimination. workplace dally can influence organizational effectiveness in a number of ways, including the breakdown of the legitimacy of organizational promotions and structure, excessive tra nsfers, and more terminations ( force et al., 1996). Especially when a romantic relationship involves a supervisor and a subordinate, it is likely to result in perceptions of favoritism and inequity concerning promotions among coworkers. When coworkers perceive such favoritism they can become both alienated from the work group (Pugh, 1997) and envious which can result in an imbalance of power within the organization (Grint, 2005).Furthermore, when the power structure within an organization breaks down, channels for advancement become close off and promotion and raise decisions become distorted and unpredictable. When one investigates the root for promotions and who is promoted, it is important to examine the values, informal guidelines, and norms surrounding such decisions. Therefore, the relationship between workplace romance and promotion decisions may depend, in part, on the finis of the organization.Should employees participating in a workplace romance be transferred or reloc ated? Managers appear to perceive job motion as a reasonable intervention to workplace romance (Pierce, Byrne & Aguinis, 1996. p.7) especially when employees engage in such behavior against formal organizational policy. Furthermore, employees might expect such transfers as a consequence. Some experts (Andrews & Knoke, 1999) suggest that management should offer relocation as one option for couples to consider. However, female participants are more much relocated than males, and fewer of these women occupy top-level management or higher situation positions. Therefore, organizational relocation decisions in situations of workplace romance may be discriminatory based on the employees gender or organizational positions.The decision to terminate or dismiss an employee because of his or her involvement in a workplace romance may also be viewed as a detrimental music directorial action, one representing a punitive form of organizational intervention. yet employees are often dismissed f or participating in a workplace romance.Furthermore, a female participant is more likely to be terminated than a male participant, the participant who is lower in location or less valuable to the organization is more often terminated, and extracurricular affairs are more likely to result in employee termination as compared to other types of affairs. However, there is a need to identify managerial prejudices and inequitable decisions based on gender, so that if terminations are made within the context of workplace romance, an employee is terminated based on poor performance rather than gender or organizational status (Haworth, 2004).Our personal physical attractiveness plays a tremendous role in our interactions with others in our work lives. There is evidence that attractiveness influences what people expect from us, how people respond to us, and what decisions we make are made about us. Yet many organizational texts do not address this topic. We believe that physical attractivenes s is a pivotal factor in the development of relationships, friendships, and romances in the workplace. Furthermore, these relationships greatly avatar mens and womens experiences of work (Haworth, 2004).The physical attractiveness stereotype is generally, What is beautiful is good. This view appears to hold for younger and older persons and for men and women. Yet the stereotype is subtle, and often we deny its influence on our behavior. Attractiveness appears to influence the expectations we have about each other including intelligence, interpersonal skills, honesty, and guilt or innocence of a crime. Furthermore, attractiveness appears to influence a number of work-related decisions including hiring decisions, work evaluations, interview ratings, and salaries (Pierce, Byrne & Aguinis, 1996).Physical attractiveness is a keystone factor in interpersonal hooking and liking as well as in the development of romantic relationships at work. Although such factors as propinquity, familia rity, attitude similarity, and reciprocality of liking are important, an attractive individual is more likely to engage in interpersonal relationships than a less attractive individual. Furthermore, interpersonal attraction is one antecedent of sexually intimate relationships including romantic relationships at work.Workplace romances appear to be increasing among American workers. The rise seems to be associated with greater acceptance of office dating, especially among coworkers (less so between a manager and subordinate), and organizational cultures that convey more liberal attitudes about the appropriateness of such behavior. There are numerous outcomes or consequences of workplace romances, and such outcomes may depend, in part, on the type of romance occurring true love, the fling, or a utilitarian relationship.More negative coworker and organizational reactions occur with utilitarian relationships, followed by flings and true love. Although workplace romances can promote perc eptions of inequity among coworkers and increased statutory liability for the organization, these reactions are usually is associated with manager-subordinate romances and perceptions of sexual harassment (Pierce, Byrne & Aguinis, 1996).The central consideration of this paper is that gender relations are constitutive of the structure and practices of organizations and that this is key to understanding how men define and dominate organizations. These gendered processes operate on many levels, from the explicit and institutional to the more subtle, cultural forms that are submerged in organizational decisions, even those that appear to have nothing to do with gender (Crompton, 1996. p. 60).They include the way mens influence is embedded in rules and procedures, formal job definitions and functional roles. For example, the structure of a management career, based on mens experiences, needs and life-cycle patterns, assumes a history of continuous, regular employment. Or the way in whi ch gender is mapped onto organizational authority resulting in a sexual division of labor whereby it is prescribed that women are better suited to personnel management than other management functions.ReferencesAaltio, Iiris. (2002). Gender, Identity and the finale of Organizations. Routledge London.Andrews, S.B. & Knoke, D. (eds) (1999). Networks in and around Organizations, Stamford, Conn. JAI Press.Biernat M., & Wortman C. B. (1991). Sharing of home responsibilities between professionally employed women and their husbands. diary of Personality and Social Psychology, 61.Crompton, Rosemary. (1996). Changing Forms of Employment Organisations, Skills, and Gender. Routledge New York.Grint, K. (2005). The Sociology of Work, tertiary edn, Cambridge Polity Press.Haworth, John T. (2004). Work and Leisure. Routledge New York.Lewis K. E., & Bierly M. (1990). Toward a profile of the female voter Sex differences in perceived physical attractiveness and competence of political candidates. S ex Roles, 22.Nicolson, Paula. (1996). Gender, Power, and Organization A Psychological Perspective. Routledge New York.Pierce C. A., Byrne D., & Aguinis H. (1996). Attraction in organizations A model of workplace romance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17.Pugh, D.S. (1997). Organization Theory Selected Readings, 4 edn, thLondon Penguin.

Mba Spring2011 Merck Sample Group Project

DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY (MBA Spring 2011) St rategic Management discipline Study Executive digest3 unfermented visual sensation4 menstruum Mission4 Values5 actual Strategies6 Developed Vision7 Developed Mission7 Reason for red-hot tutelage8 rise Analysis9 away opportunities9 External Threats10 monetary and operating(a) Performance Analysis11 cosy Competitors11 proportion Analysis11 Key Industry proportionalitys14 Operating service valuation reserve14 exculpate utility margin14 Current Ratio14 Return on Assets15 Debt/ justice Ratio15 neckc abridgeh overthrow Ratio15 taxation Growth16 securities industry Sh be16 familiar Strengths16Internal Weakness20 External factor evaluation intercellular substance21 Competitive profile Matrix23 Internal Factor Evaluation24 Space Matrix27 SWOT Matrix29 Grand Strategy Matrix31 Recommended Strategies31 Recommended scheme No. 131 Recommended scheme No. 232 intercommunicate Financial Statements33 Projected Ratios34 co nfederacy worth Analysis34 Annual Objectives35 Strategic study and Evaluation Procedures35 Bibliography36 Executive Summary Merck & inter subject field adenineere Co. is a look into driven drug comp anyceutical companyceutic beau monde touch on in manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and drugs.Mercks outputs ar non limited to thwartive and therapeutic vaccines. Merck unified with Schering-Plough in November of 2009 for $41billion. Merck is based in Whitehouse Station, New Jersey and has more than than 110000 employees. The c every last(predicate)er has a yearly tax taxation of $45billion during the year ending December 2010. The out reaping in revenues was mainly delinquent to the incremental gross gross revenue dissolving agenting from the inclusion of the post-merger results of Schering-Plough crossroads. The operating(a) profit of the company was $1,653. 0 million during FY2010, a decrease of 90% over 2009.The net profit was $859 million in FY2010, an augment of 93% over 2009. Mercks harvests include preventive and therapeutic vaccines sold by prescription to treat human disorders and to also treat animal wellness. The company manages numerous w atomic number 18s in opposite components. Human wellness pharmaceutical intersection points brood of prescription therapeutic and preventive agents for the treatment of human disorders. Merck distri just nowes its human wellness pharmaceutical harvest-feasts to retailers, government, drug companies, health and wellness organizations, and opposites.Mercks vaccine products argon primarily managed and administered at physician offices. These products include preventive vaccines. The US Centers for Disease require and Prevention Vaccines for Children schedule is a study customer for whatever of these vaccines. Merck also manages a clinical melody that has products in galore(postnominal) different disorder domains non limited to diabetes, middle strokes, hyper-tension, inflamma tory problems, neurology relate diseases, osteoporosis, respiratory, feminine health and many former(a) prominent and new domains.This pipeline is managed in phases fol downhearteded by a some ready for registration. Majority of these argon submit to FDA approval out front commercial manufacturing commences. Merck also manages vaccines for animal health and this is a gro benefitg segment where there is more need for search for bar of many diseases in animals. In addition to the above many different segments, Merck also manages a portfolio of regular consumer healthcargon and manufactures many OTC products, stern and sun c ar products not just in the USA but also in Canada. Current VisionWe manipulate a difference in the lives of people glob exclusivelyy through our innovative medicines, vaccines, and consumer health and animal products. We train to be the best healthc be company in the world and are dedicated to providing leading constructs and solutions for tomorrow. (1) Current Mission To provide innovative, distinctive products and service that prevent and ameliorate lives and satisfy customer needs, to be recognized as a great place to work, and to provide investors with a superior rate of return. (1) Mission Component Accomplished? 1 Customers No crossways or run Yes 3 Markets No 4 Technology No 5 annoying for survival, growth and advantageousness No 6 Philosophy No 7 Self-Concept No 8 job for public role Yes 9 Concern for employees Yes Values Our business is preserving and improving human life. We also work to emend animal health. All of our actions must be measured by our conquest in achieving these goals. We value, above all, our ability to serve everyone who merchantman benefit from the enamor use of our products and services, thereby providing lasting consumer satisfaction.We are committed to the mellowedest standards of ethics and integrity. We are responsible to our customers, to Merck employees and their families, to the environments we inhabit, and to the societies we serve cosmopolitan. In discharging our responsibilities, we do not take master copy or ethical shortcuts. We are dedicated to the highest level of scientific probity and commit our investigate to improving human and animal health and the pure tone of life. We contact to identify the most critical needs of consumers and customers, and we devote our resources to clash those needs.We expect profits, but only from work that satisfies customer needs and benefits humanity. This depends on maintaining a financial bit that invites investment in leading-edge enquiry and that crystalises it mathematical to cuticleively hit the hay the results of that research. Our ability to excel depends on the integrity, knowledge, imagination, skill, diversity and teamwork of our employees. To this end, we strive to create an environment of mutual respect, encouragement and teamwork. We also strive to advantage commitment and performance and b e responsive to the needs of our employees and their families. 1) Current Strategies * The advance Strategy aims at increasing access to medicines, vaccines, and healthcare in the emerge and developed countries. * To look into true(p)ty and quality of products, Merck portrayd a Anti-counterfeiting dodge to prevent counterfeits across the world. Merck has setup an advanced laboratory to implement this scheme.* To restore authority as a quality producer of global vaccines, Merck continues to implement vaccine supply manufacturing dodge. * Merck continues to implement its global diversity strategy. * Mercks research strategy is designed to mprove productivity and the probability of success and this is monitored by a explore Strategy Review Committee. * The most popular MRL strategy i. e. Merck Research science laboratory strategy is designed to manage the pipeline that uses the expertise to treat many unsolved diseases and health issues. MRL scientists are passionate about re solving and merging unmet medical exam examination needs. * Merck established External Basic Research (EBR) and an EBR strategy are formulated to expand the scope and size of Mercks early pipeline through characternerships with external partners. * Merck follows a responsible pricing policy thru its worldwide tiered pricing strategy. To foster health literacy in Switzerland, Merck follows the Swiss e-health strategy and as part of this strategy, they work with universities around the world. * Merck formed a orbicular Labor Relations Strategy to include global labor guidelines and principles and observe tools worldwide.* Merck energy management strategy serves as a useful ex adeninele in measuring current performance resulting in Merck receiving the Energy principal sum sustained excellence award. * Mercks corporate strategy is Plan to win. * Merck has a supply strategy that combines the skills of home(a) and external manufacturers. (1) Developed Vision Our vision is to be a n outstanding and most trusted company in the worlds healthcare and pharmaceutical industry. Developed Mission We are passionately committed to providing fanciful, comprehensive and effective health solutions (2) that exit rectify the health, wellness and quality of life of our customers (1), consumers and partners around the globe for today, tomorrow and forevermore thru our continued superior performance, intelligent and creative employees (9), innovative and qualitative safe products, sustaincapable and profitable partnerships and by building additiond shareholder returns thru this process.We provide digest on increasing healthcare access (6) in the local anaesthetic and emerge commercialises (3) and exit strive to use modern environment hearty technology(4) for our scientific innovation to improve productivity and to reduce monetary values to make our products more affordable. We result serve the society and the eligible people (8) with programs that pass on provi de free and cost effective health solutions. We allow agree with global research companies to lead and contribute to the resolution of global health issues (7) and we will go down ourselves as the best in the industry with sustainable prosperity(5). Mission Component Accomplished ? 1 Customers Yes 2 Products or work Yes 3 Markets Yes 4 Technology Yes 5 Concern for survival, growth and profitability Yes 6 Philosophy Yes 7 Self-Concept Yes 8 Concern for public image Yes 9 Concern for employees Yes Reason for new mission The current mission is not exciting and does not emphasize on all the underlying components of an effective mission. The new mission emphasizes on health solutions as a whole versus products and services only. The new mission is targeted towards the benefit of the end consumer and not just to save the life.The focus is specifically mentioned to be in all grocery stores including the uphill commercialises. Modern environment friendly technology will be used to develop safe products that are not counterproductive to the wellbeing of the end consumer. The needy people will be served with effective solutions and the new mission passionately suggests sustainable prosperity while engaging creative and intelligent people building profitable shareholder returns thru the whole process. SWOT Analysis External opportunities O1 The young agreement with Schering-Plough opens more avenues for potential growth in the fields of respiratory and infectious disease herapeutic segments. (1) O2 Possible appeal savings of $3. 5 Billon from internal restructuring efforts beyond 2011. (1) O3 There is a great deal of potential for growth in the Diabetes and Oncology foodstuffs and Merck has made its entry into this market place thru the product Januvia. O4 Merck prat add core strength to its portfolio by expanding research and innovation in the biological markets thru partners, acquisitions and critical point ventures. O5 quickly expanding market share in emerging markets proves to be a high potential probability for Merck. emerge Markets in the Pharma Industry will take 50% Growth doctrine by 2013. (2) O6- add opportunity for new generic wine wine wine Drug products. healthcare reform suggests cost savings and insurance industries emphasize habitude of generic wine drugs and the expiring unpatterneds on a lot of drugs opens up opportunity for Merck to pioneer the generic drug market leveraging its world-class research capabilities. The total market share of the glarings that will expire over 2010-2015 is 17% with a market share of $142billion. (17) O7- Pfizers animal health business returned a profit of $2. billion which is second to Merck and with the peckcelled joint venture of Merck and Sanofi-Aventis, Merck should tho postdate their concept with Novartis who are No. 5 in animal health business. This will strengthen their No. 1 position in the get away of Pfizers growing gross sales and the merger between JampJ and Eli Lilly Co in this segment. (3) External Threats T1 At least phoebe bird of the patents are expiring in the next twain years and tilt is ready to introduce generic products backed by healthcare reform and this can deposit a serious threat to Mercks products and profitability.T2 The consumer is not the one that usually makes the choice of using a ill-tempered drug. Mostly, drugs are prescribed by physicians, who some measures lack the necessary reading about relative prices. (4) T3 The recent housing market problem, the oil prices problem and the global recession has a cascading effect on the job market and many people are unemployed losing their health insurance and forced to not being able to use medical or pharmaceutical products.If there is no sales in the pharmaceutical products, Merck can suffer financial losses and reduced returns to shareholders. T4 The HealthCare Reform enacted in 2010 spend a pennyd unanticipated losses for Merck and the effects of this knead will continue into future. These new provisions will decrease revenue and increase costs. (5) * 2010 Costs incurred due to increased Medicaid rebates. With respect to the effect of the law of nature on the pharmaceutical industry, the law increased the mandated Medicaid rebate from 15. 1% to 23. 1%. 2011 An annual health care reform fee on all branded prescription drug manufacturers and importers and the requirement that drug manufacturers pay a 50% discount on Medicare Part D utilization incurred by beneficiaries when they are in the Medicare Part D coverage also cognize as the Donut hole.T5 Although not included in the health care reform law, Congress has also considered, and whitethorn consider again, proposals to increase the governments role in pharmaceutical pricing in the Medicare program. (5) T6 Congress may again consider proposals to allow, under reliable conditions, the implication of medicines from other countries. 5) T7 Merck is experiencing stay put in manufacturing some of its vaccines and this delay can cause a competitor to launch a product that can be manufactured quickly. Financial and Operating Performance Analysis Close Competitors Pfizer Inc. Eli Lilly and connection Ratio Analysis 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 marges (% of gross revenue) tax 100. 00% 100. 00% 100. 00% 100. 00% 100. 00% COGS 26. 50% 25. 40% 23. 40% 32. 90% 40. 00% Gross delimitation 73. 50% 74. 60% 76. 60% 67. 10% 60. 00% SGampA 36. 10% 31. 20% 30. 90% 31. 10% 28. 80% RampD 21. 10% 20. 20% 20. 10% 21. 30% 23. 90% otherwise 0. 60% 1. 40% 4. 30% 6. 00% 2. 10% Operating Margin 15. 70% 21. 90% 21. 20% 8. 70% 5. 20% Net Int Inc amp Other 12. 40% -7. 40% 20. 50% 47. 00% -1. 60% EBT Margin 27. 50% 13. 90% 41. 10% 55. 80% 3. 60% usefulnessability Tax drift 28. 70% 2. 80% 20. 40% 14. 80% 40. 60% Net Margin 19. 59% 13. 54% 32. 74% 47. 03% 1. 87% Asset Turnover 0. 51 0. 52 0. 5 0. 34 0. 42 ( number) Return on Assets 9. 92% 7. 05% 16. 34% 16. 20% 0. 79% Financial Leverage ( median(a)) 2. 54 2. 66 2. 52 1. 9 1. 95 Return on Equity 25. 00% 18. 33% 42. 27% 33. 15% 1. 1% Growth Revenue Growth class over yr 2. 80% 6. 90% -1. 40% 15. 00% 67. 70% 3-Year Average 0. 20% 1. 80% 2. 70% 6. 60% 23. 90% 5-Year Average -13. 90% -14. 10% 1. 20% 3. 60% 15. 90% 10-Year Average 1. 30% 0. 20% -1. 20% -1. 80% 1. 30% Operating Income Year over Year -36. 00% 49. 30% -4. 50% -52. 80% -0. 70% 3-Year Average -24. 90% -7. 20% -3. 00% -12. 30% -23. 50% 5-Year Average -18. 30% -11. 40% -9. 60% -18. 50% -15. 60% 10-Year Average -3. 40% -0. 70% -2. 30% -10. 90% -12. 60% EPS Year over Year -3. 30% -26. 60% 144. 0% 55. 20% -95. 00% 3-Year Average -11. 40% -17. 00% 20. 10% 40. 70% -42. 70% 5-Year Average -8. 40% -13. 90% 4. 50% 16. 70% -33. 20% 10-Year Average 2. 60% -2. 30% 5. 40% 8. 70% -20. 90% hard currency feast Ratios Operating bills catamenia Growth-YOY -11. 10% 3. 50% -6. 10% -48. 40% 219. 00% Free Cash Flow Growth- YOY -6. 80% 3. 50% -11. 90% -63. 40% 373. 40% bonnet Ex as a % of sales 4. 30% 4. 20% 5. 40% 5. 30% 3. 60% Free Cash Flow/Sales 25. 56% 24. 75% 22. 11% 7. 04% 19. 88% Free Cash Flow/Net Income 1. 3 1. 83 0. 68 0. 15 10. 64 runniness/Financial Health Current Ratio 1. 2 1. 23 1. 35 1. 8 1. 86 Quick Ratio 0. 95 0. 97 0. 65 1. 03 1. 25 Financial Leverage 2. 54 2. 66 2. 52 1. 9 1. 95 Debt/Equity 0. 32 0. 22 0. 21 0. 27 0. 28 strength Days Sales Outstanding 50. 3 52. 4 56. 7 69. 1 55. 4 Days Inventory 104. 2 108. 5 136. 1 209. 2 138. 1 Payables Period 29. 4 33. 3 40. 6 57. 8 45. 1 Cash Conversion Cycle 125. 1 127. 6 152. 3 220. 5 148. 4 Receivables Turnover 7. 3 7 6. 4 5. 3 6. 6 Inventory Turnover 3. 5 3. 4 2. 7 1. 7 2. 6 Fixed Asset Turnover 1. 6 1. 9 2 1. 8 2. 6 Asset Turnover 0. 5 0. 5 0. 0. 3 0. 4 Reference (6) Key Industry Ratios Operating Profit margin 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Operating Profit margin 5. 2 20. 3 28. 3 Merck had Operating Profit margin o f 5. 2 OPM%. Merck Operating profit margin is low when likend to competitors this indicates that there is scope for improving the cost structure. Net Profit margin 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Net Profit margin 1. 87 12. 18 21. 97 Merck had a Net Profit margin i. e. , 1. 87 NPM%. Merck NPM is lower than its competitors. A net profit margin indicates that there is scope for improving the jacket crown structure.Huge percentage drop when compared to 2009 (47%). Current Ratio 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Current Ratio 1. 86 2. 11 2. 09 Current Ratio Merck has Current Ratio of 1. 8, which shows that Merck may meet short-term obligations. Current Ratio 2. 0 is considered secure to meet short-term financial obligations. Return on Assets 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Return on Assets 0. 79 4. 05 17. 34 Return on Assets (ROA) Merck has ROA of 0. 79%, which indicates its assets are not at optimum their utilization. Debt/Equity Ratio 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Debt/Equity Ratio 0. 28 0. 44 0. 55 Debt/equity ratio (D/E ratio) Merck had D/E ratio of . 27, which is high-priced. Inventory Turnover Ratio 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Inventory Turnover Ratio 2. 6 1. 6 1. 6 Inventory Turnover Ratio Merck has a 2. 6 times turnover ratio, which is good when compare to competitors. It also suggests that loss of sales as it will not support sufficient stock in hand. Revenue Growth 2010 MERCK PFIZER Eli Lilly and Company Revenue Growth 67. 7 35. 6 5. 7 Revenue growth Merck Sales growth rate is 67%, Revenue growth is very good when compared to competitors.New products Isentress and Januviasales boosted revenue. Market Share Market share Total drugstore industry share is $836 billion and Merck has $46 billion, stands one of the largest company in 2010 5. 5 % of Global Market. Internal Strengths S1 Merck maintains loyal financial health contempt the $8. 5 billion debt needed for the acquisition. Analysts are predic ting that the combined company will generate a $12billion cash period in 2011 which should help generate the debt quickly. (7) S2 Majority of the smash hit products introduced recently showed very strong sales.Especially, Januvia (diabetes), Isentress (HIV), and Gardasil. (7) S3 Merck has strong salary when compared to the industry. Stock Industry SampP 500 Stocks 5Yr Average* value/Earnings 122. 0 17. 7 16. 6 40. 7 price/Book 1. 9 2. 6 2. 2 4. 0 Price/Sales 2. 3 2. 6 1. 4 3. 5 Price/Cash Flow 9. 8 10. 1 8. 5 19. 9 Dividend Yield % 4. 5 3. 4 1. 7 S4 Mercks in vogue(p) acquisition of Schering results in a $6 billion pipeline of drugs with the potential of multiple blockbusters and very fewer patent losses are judge over the next couple of years.It is predicted that the crew of the two entities should generate $3 billion plus in annual cost savings before 2011. (8) S5 Global market presence along with production facilities. Merck operates in one hundred twenty count ries with 31 factories worldwide. (9) Merck follows a unique strategy of integrated markets as below. (10) S6 Merck is well positioned in some Emerging Markets and is display robust growth in China and is actively hard-hitting for a partner in India. Merck has developed a separate strategy for stance itself as numero uno in emerging markets. 11) & (12) S7- A vast modify product portfolio in Medicines, Vaccines, Biologics, Consumer Care and savage Health. (12) S8 It has variouspatient tending programsin U. S. to help the people who are unable to afford the medical treatment in terms of medicine if household income is less than four hundred% of Federal Poverty Level. (13) S9 The firm has robust in-house research capabilities that also make it a leader in designing new medical products. Internal Weakness W1 EPS dropped from $0. 28 from $5. 7 mainly due which reflect a net adverse impact resulting from the amortization of purchase accounting adjustments, in-process researc h and development (IPR&D) impairment charges, including a charge related to the vorapaxar clinical development program, restructuring and merger-related costs, as well as a jural reserve relating to rofecoxib (the Vioxx Liability Reserve) discussed below, partially offset by the gain recognized on AstraZenecas exercise of its extract to acquire certain assets. (5) W2 Singulair is Mercks largest pile selling chemists product with a annual sales of $3. billion as of 2010 and this is expiring in Aug 2012. (5) On top of this, FDA announced that a potential link exists between this product and suicidal behavior. (14) W3 a couple of(prenominal) of Mercks late-stage pipeline products did not get ratified by FDA. undermentioned drugs did not get FDA approvals anacetrapib for atherosclerosis, cholesterol drug Tredaptive, Rolofylline for heart disease and Telcagepant for migraines. W4 The firm faced lawsuits on Vioxx product on increased chances of heart attack and Merck Agreeme nt Provides for $4. 85 one thousand million Vioxx Settlement Payment. 15) W5 Merck settled a lawsuit with J&J for $500 million over a contention on two anti-inflammatory records. Merck also looses marketing rights in some areas. (16) W6 Mercks Current ratio is 1. 8, has a limited liquidity position as compared to its competitors. W7 Merck has negligible presence in the generic Drug Market. External Factor Evaluation Matrix External Factor Evaluation Matrix (EFE) Opportunities Weight grade Weighted correspond 1. O1 The recent agreement with Schering-Plough opens more avenues for potential growth in the fields of respiratory and infectious disease therapeutic segments 0. 8 4 0. 32 2. O2 Possible Cost savings of $3. 5 Billon from internal restructuring efforts beyond 2011. 0. 10 3 0. 30 3. O3 There is a lot of potential for growth in the Diabetes and Oncology markets and Merck has made its entry into this market thru the product Januvia 0. 05 3 0. 15 4. O4 Me rck can add core strength to its portfolio by expanding research and innovation in the biological markets thru partners, acquisitions and joint ventures 0. 05 1 0. 05 5. O5 Rapidly expanding market share in emerging markets proves to be a high potential opportunity for Merck.Emerging Markets in Pharma Industry to take 50% Growth Credit by 2013 0. 10 3 0. 30 6. O6- Increased opportunity for new Generic Drug products through more focus on quality R&D. Healthcare reform suggests cost savings and insurance industries emphasize usage of generic drugs and the expiring patents on a lot of drugs opens up opportunity for Merck to pioneer the generic drug market leveraging its world-class research capabilities. The total market share of the patents that will expire over 2010-2015 is 17% with a market share of $142billion. 0. 15 2 0. 30 7. O7- Pfizers animal health business returned a profit of $2. billion which is second to Merck and with the cancelled joint venture of Merck and Sano fi-Aventis, Merck should further watch over their concept with Novartis who are No. 5 in animal health business. This will strengthen their No. 1 position in the soft of Pfizers growing sales and the merger between JampJ and Eli Lilly Co in this segment 0. 02 3 0. 06 Threats Weight evaluation Weighted Score 1. T1 At least five of the patents are expiring in the next two years and competitor is ready to introduce generic products backed by healthcare reform and this can pose a serious threat to Mercks products and profitability 0. 5 2 0. 30 2. T2 The consumer is not the one that usually makes the choice of using a particular drug. Mostly, drugs are prescribed by physicians, who sometimes lack the necessary information about relative prices. 0. 05 3 0. 15 3. T3 The recent housing market problem, the oil prices problem and the global recession has a cascading effect on the job market and many people are unemployed losing their health insurance and forced to not being a ble to use medical or pharmaceutical products. If there is no sales in the pharmaceutical products, Merck can suffer financial losses and reduced returns to shareholders. 0. 08 3 0. 24 4. T4 The HealthCare Reform enacted in 2010 caused unanticipated losses for Merck and the effects of this incite will continue into future. These new provisions will decrease revenue and increase costs. 0. 08 2 0. 16 5. T5 Although not included in the health care reform law, Congress has also considered, and may consider again, proposals to increase the governments role in pharmaceutical pricing in the Medicare program. 0. 03 3 0. 09 6. T6 Congress may again consider proposals to allow, under certain conditions, the importation of medicines from other countries. 0. 03 3 0. 09 7. T7 Merck is experiencing delay in manufacturing some of its vaccines and this delay can cause a competitor to launch a product that can be manufactured quickly. 0. 03 2 0. 06 TOTALS 1. 00 2. 57 Competitive compo se Matrix Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) Merck Pfizer Eli Lilly and Company Critical supremacy Factors Weight Rating Score Rating Score Rating Score Global Expansion 0. 10 3 0. 30 3 0. 30 4 0. 40 Market Penetration 0. 06 4 0. 24 4 0. 24 2 0. 12 Pipeline 0. 15 3 0. 45 4 0. 60 2 0. 30 Patents 0. 8 4 0. 72 3 0. 54 2 0. 36 RampD 0. 17 3 0. 51 4 0. 68 2 0. 34 Financial Profit 0. 05 2 0. 10 3 0. 15 4 0. 20 Customer Loyalty 0. 00 3 0. 00 3 0. 00 2 0. 00 Market Share 0. 08 4 0. 32 4 0. 32 3 0. 24 Product Quality 0. 06 1 0. 06 2 0. 12 2 0. 12 Generic Drugs 0. 15 2 0. 30 3 0. 45 2 0. 30 Totals 1. 00 3. 00 3. 40 2. 38 * Global Expansion Merck is in 121 countries Pfizer is in 150 countries Eli Lily is in 143 countries. * Pipeline 94 in Pipeline for Pfizer, Lilly has 15 and 57 in Merck Pipeline excluding registration. Patents Pfizer has 11 basic patent products and Lily has 8 basic patent products and Merck has 29 basic patent products. * Financial Profit EPS Lilly has EPS 4. 58 Merck has 0. 28 Pfizer has 1. 02. * Market Share Merck has $45 billion and Pfizer has $67 and Lilly has $23 billion. * Product quality Merck has two major lawsuits whereas Pfizer has one and Lilly has one. * Generic Drugs Pfizer has 59 generic drugs which is more than what Merck has and what Lilly has Merck is still entering into different JVS with sunniness and other pharma companies. Internal Factor Evaluation Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix (IFE) Strengths Weight Rating Weighted Score 1. S1 Merck maintains strong financial health despite the $8. 5 billion debt needed for the acquisition. Analysts are predicting that the combined company will generate a $12billion cash flow in 2011 which should help repay the debt quickly. 0. 05 4 0. 20 2. S2 Majority of the blockbuster products introduced recently showed very strong sales. Especially, Januvia(diabetes), Isentress(HIV), and Gardasil. 0. 08 4 0. 32 3. S3 Merck has strong earnings when compared to the industry. 0. 04 3 0. 12 4. S4 Mercks latest acquisition of Schering results in a $6 billion pipeline of drugs with the potential of multiple blockbusters and very few patent losses are expected over the next couple of years. It is predicted that the combination of the two entities should generate $3 billion plus in annual cost savings before 2011. 0. 15 4 0. 60 5. S5 Global market presence along with production facilities. Merck operates in 120 countries with 31 factories worldwide. 0. 06 3 0. 18 6. S6 Merck is well positioned in some Emerging Markets and is showing robust growth in China and is actively searching for a partner in India.Merck has developed a separate strategy for positioning itself as numero uno in emerging markets. 0. 15 3 0. 45 7. S7 A vast diversified product portfolio in Medicines, Vaccines, Biologics, Consumer Care and Animal Health. 0. 05 3 0. 15 Weaknesses Weight Rating Weighted Score 1. W1 EPS dropped from $0. 28 from $5. 67 mainly due which reflect a net unfav orable impact resulting from the amortization of purchase accounting adjustments 0. 04 2 0. 08 2. W2 Singulair is Mercks largest volume selling pharma product with a annual sales of $3. 2 billion as of 2010 and this is expiring in Aug 2012. 0. 10 1 0. 10 3. W3 Few of Mercks late-stage pipeline products did not get approved by FDA. Following drugs did not get FDA approvals anacetrapib for atherosclerosis, cholesterol drug Tredaptive ,Rolofylline for heart disease ,Telcagepant for migraines 0. 10 1 0. 10 4. W4 The firm faced lawsuits on Vioxx product on increased chances of heart attack and Merck Agreement Provides for $4. 85 Billion Vioxx Settlement Payment. 0. 04 2 0. 08 5. W5 Merck settled a lawsuit with JampJ for $500 million over a dispute on two anti-inflammatory records. Merck also looses marketing rights in some areas. 0. 04 2 0. 08 6. W6 Merck Current ratio is 1. 8, has a limited liquidity position as compared to its competitors. 0. 05 2 0. 10 7. W7 Merck has minimal presence in Generic Drug Market. 0. 05 1 0. 05 TOTALS 1. 00 2. 61 Space Matrix Financial office staff * Return on Investment is Average when compare to Industry. * Leverage Compared to the industry standard, leverage or debt equity ratio of Merck is more industry is whereas Merck is 0. 27. * Liquidity Current Ratio is around 1. 8. Above 2. 0 is preferred to contact Short-term obligations. * Working Capital Working Capital is low. Cash Flow Cash Flows for 2010 is very good which is around $9 billion. Industrial place * Growth Potential Revenues are up by 67% and prospering new product launches. And successful merger with Schering Plough * Financial stability After MampA, company financially is in grueling position, but in long-term it will do mend. * Ease of submission into Market As Merck already exists in multiple markets and different pharma domains, ease of entry into market is considered high for Merck * Resource Utilization Merck has ROA of 0. 79%, which indicates it s assets are NOT at optimum their utilization. Profit Potential As free cash flows are high, profit potential is more. Competitive role * Market Share Second in global position * Product Quality Two products have litigations. * Customer Loyalty Due to Voixx and other products side effects, customer loyalty became average. * Technological know-how Getting new biotechnology and bio-pharma industry. * Control over Suppliers and Distributors Merck has control on Suppliers and Distributors. Sustainability Position * Rate of swelling Same as like other products * Technological Changes Minimal * Price Elasticity of Demand As more are patent products, the effect will be less. Competitive Pressure Yes, there is lot of competition with pharma and other generic drug products. * Barriers to Entry into Market lower limit Barriers. SWOT Matrix SO Strategies * S5O5O6 Healthcare reform emphasizes a figure shift to generic drugs from branded drugs and 17% of the patented drugs are dismission to expire by 2015 and this is an opportunity of $142 billion and there are not a lot of market players in this segment yet. Merck can take advantage of this upcoming status and start working on generic drugs in the pipeline to be released in the established and emerging markets.We consider Merck should be able to angle into at least $50billion by this strategy. * S4O4O1 Mercks merger with Schering results in a $6billion of pipeline of drugs and not many patents are expiring in this set. This strategy will result in $3billion of savings before 2011. Merck should further expand their research and innovation thru joint ventures and innovations in the current, biogenetics and other potential domains and follow a market insight strategy in current and emerging markets.Merck should further expand their research and innovation thru joint ventures and innovations in the current, biogenerics and other potential domains and follow a market penetration strategy in current and emerging markets . ST Strategies * S6T4T1 Healthcare reform can cause major losses in the domestic market and many laws of healthcare are not yet in implementation and the result of this will continue thru 2014 and so, Merck should start expanding globally beyond its current whole tone and should focus on generic drugs as a majority of the emerging markets prefer inexpensive drugs compared to branded expensive drugs.The savings here are double-edged as we minimize the effect of healthcare reform lie costs and we expand globally and earn more before competition takes over. The potential savings by this strategy is estimated to be a stripped of $4billion in the next one year considering we have a good presence in many established and emerging markets. * S7T2 Merck should start implementing a apothecarys shop management program by working closely with physicians and customers to deliver a one-of-a-kind integrated specialty pharmacy in every national segment that is part of Mercks client advisory bo ard.This pharmacy management program specifically targets specialty medications for a number of chronic conditions and helps them better recognise their condition, medication side effects, and the importance of adherence. WO Strategies * W2O6O5W7 Singuliar is a branded product of Merck the patent of which is going to expire in 2012 and Merck should equip itself by penetrating into the generic drugs market that will substitute Singuliar and Merck should rapidly expand in emerging markets and focus on improving in existing markets to position itself better for the post patent expiration loss of sale. W3O4 FDAs denial of products in research and development can setback the product development lifecycle timeline during which competition can catch up and release their own branded or generic drug and so Merck should expand its research and innovation to adopt latest technologies for quicker innovation and also use joint ventures or partners or possible acquisitions to quickly supplement its lacunae in the research areas and thereby position itself for success. WT Strategies * T1W2 More than six of Mercks patents are expiring in the near term.The additional talent realized upon the cessation of Singuliar manufacturing should be used for high potential drugs which will face limited competition. The high potential drugs in the pipeline approved by FDA should be made ready for use for the additional capacity. * W3T3 The current recession caused by multiple problems can hit Mercks profitability and the disappointment of FDA approvals can cause further sunk losses in the research and development area. Merck should look into outsourcing research and development to places where it is inexpensive for research.Grand Strategy Matrix The extensive analysis of Merck suggests the first quadrant of the Grand Strategy Matrix. Merck is in a good long term strategy and should continue to pursue its strategic plans and the recommended strategies. Recommended Strategies Recommended strategy No. 1 Healthcare reform emphasizes a paradigm shift to generic drugs from branded drugs in an effort to save money for the consumers and to eliminate undue profits for the healthcare or pharma industries. 7% of the patented drugs are going to expire by 2015 and this is an opportunity of $142 billion and there are not a lot of market players in this segment yet. Merck can take advantage of this upcoming situation and start working on generic drugs in the pipeline to be released in the established and emerging markets. We believe Merck should be able to tap into at least $50billion by this strategy over the next five years with an immediate return of $15billion in the upcoming fiscal year.More research and development can be leveraged by outsourcing research and development into areas where its more productive for the investment. A more detailed vision of this strategy in monetary terms is presented in the next section to debate the audience a perspective of how this strate gy is beneficial in making Merck the number one in the industry with sustainable prosperity set the foundation to diversify into pharmacy management program in light of the healthcare reform. Recommended strategy No. 2Merck should start implementing a pharmacy management program by working closely with physicians and customers to deliver a one-of-a-kind integrated specialty pharmacy in every national segment that is part of Mercks client advisory board. This pharmacy management program specifically targets specialty medications for a number of chronic conditions and helps them better understand their condition, medication side effects, and the importance of adherence. More research and development is suggested in areas that Merck can improve upon and the excess capacity that will be obtained after special(a) should be used for pipeline products.This will position Merck as a differentiator in not just health but the health and wellness industry and will form a close data link with physicians and customers while pursuing research in the most needed areas to improve life and wellbeing as visualized in the revised mission. Projected Financial Statements Projected Income Statement 2010 2011 Revenue 45,987. 00 62832 Around $17 bln increase due to new strategies COGS 18,396. 00 21991. 2 35% of revenue Gross Profit 27,591. 00 40840. 8 Operating Expenses $ cc SG&A 13,245. 00 15708 25% of sales R&D 10,991. 0 13991 allocated $3 billion more Other 985 985 Pharmacy Management 200 New Market increase expense 300 Operating Income 2,370. 00 9656. 8 Other Income and Expense $Mil Net Int Inc & Other -717 -717 Earnings Before Taxes 1,653. 00 8939. 8 Income Taxes 671 3575. 92 40% tax Earnings After Taxes 982 5543. 88 Acctg Changes Disc trading operations Ext Items -123 -123 Net Income 859 5420. 88 Diluted EPS, Cont Ops$ 0. 28 0. 37 Diluted EPS$ 0. 28 0. 37 Shares 3,120. 00 3208 Project Balance Statement Assets $Mil 2010 2011 Cash and Equiv 10,900. 00 11500 short Investments 1,301. 00 1320 Accts Rec 7,344. 00 11016 50% increase Inventory 5,868. 00 7335 25% increase Other Current Assets 3,651. 00 4250 Total Current Assets 29,064. 00 35421 Net PP&E 17,082. 00 19555 Intangibles 51,834. 00 52544 Other long-run Assets 7,801. 00 8022 Total Assets 105,781. 00 150963 Liabilities and Stockholders Equity $Mil 2010 2011 Accts Payable 2,308. 00 2828 Short-Term Debt 2,400. 00 2605 Taxes Payable 1,243. 0 1300 Accrued Liabilities 8,514. 00 8914 Other Short-Term Liabilities 1,176. 00 1220 Total Current Liabilities 15,641. 00 16867 Long-Term Debt 15,482. 00 18282 Other Long-Term Liabilities 20,282. 00 30455 Total Liabilities 51,405. 00 55604 Total Equity 54,376. 00 85359 Total Liabilities amp Equity 105,781. 00 150963 Projected Ratios 2010 2011 Debt/Equity Ratio 0. 28 0. 65 Return on Assets 0. 79 3. 59 Net Profit margin 1. 87 8. 6 EPS . 28 1. 49 Company worth Analysis Net deservi ng Analysis Stockholders Equity $66,754,000,000 Net Income x 5 $4,295,000,000 (Share Price/EPS) x Net Income $104,429,857,143 Number of Shares Outstanding x Share Price $104,948,066,926 system Average $70,106,731,017 Annual Objectives * A projected increase in sales of $18bn is to be expected for 2011 and reduction of Singuliar sales will be $3bn resulting in $15bn. * An additional expense of $3bn for research and development is assumed for 2011 as part of recommendation 2. * A new category of expenses called Pharmacy management expenses will appear in statement for the amortization expenses of the start up of pharmacy management. A spike in interest of $200mn should be aforethought(ip) for due to the loan required for pharmacy management. * The pharmacy management program is expected to yield $2bn in profits in the first year. * New market development expenses should be planned for $300mn. * Merck should plan on generating equity to the argument of $30bn in the year 2011 to meet the expenses related to increased sales. Strategic Review and Evaluation Procedures * At the end of the year, Merck should compare the stated objectives with the actual data.A re-evaluation of IFE and EFE should be implemented and should be checked for variance against the current IFE and EFE. * If no major variance is observed, the same strategies can be continued thru the following year. At the same time, if the result of these strategies position Merck in a better place, few more aggressive quadrant strategies should be evaluated and considered at that moment. * In the case of a situation where a wide variance is observed from the planned strategies, corrective actions are recommended after careful evaluation of factors from all relevant dimensions to check the main cause/s of the variance.A revised vision, mission and objectives may be needed at that moment in light of the new changes in external and internal factors. * We would also like to recommend usage of a balance d scorecard to evaluate the firm from multiple dimensions and ensure the overall progress of the firm follows the trajectory. * Key performance indicators should be evaluated from time to time internally against the plans or annual objectives and with industry standards for averages to identify any needed changes to the strategy.

Marketing Cost Analysis Essay

Business firms white plague several shots and techniques for market control. The important ones among them ar listed above. 1. Marketing audit 2. Market sh atomic number 18 outline 3. Marketing make up analysis 4. Credit control 5. Budgetary control 6. Ratio analysis 7. Contribution margin analysis 8. Marketing Information inputs and warning signals 9. MBO commission by objectivesMarketing terms analysis is another important tool of merchandising control. In recent years, business firms all over the world piss experienced steep escalations in their marketing and diffusion woo. They have found, to their dismay, that increase sales do not necessarily bring them increased profits. Containing marketing and distribution be has generate an imperative for optimizing profits. It has also become an imperative for survival against the growing competition.Definition Assigning or allocating costs to a specified marketing activity or entity in a manner that accurately captures the financial contribution of activities or entities to the organization.Marketing cost analysis, or distribution cost analysis, is the analysis of costs that affect sales volume, with the invention of determining the profitability of different segment operations. Profitability is fixd by sales volume and its associated costs and expenses.The questions Marketing damage abstract answers * Which customers/accounts are unprofitable because of order size or geographic location? * What is the token(prenominal) order size that can be filled profitably? * Which distribution channel will be the most profitable for the firm to use? * Which territories are potentially most profitable?* What profit contribution does from each one salesperson make? * Can cost improvements be made in physical distribution facilities? * Which product lines are unprofitable or could be improved in their profitability?Importance of Marketing Cost Analysis The set-back requirement in controlling the marketing co sts is to espouse the components of the marketing costs and the methods available for their control.Benefits & Uses of Marketing Cost Analysis vigilant and systematic marketing cost analysis confers a variety of benefits on the firm. * It becomes an integral part of the decision-making process. * Serves as the basis for management decisions.* Generates a sentience of Accountability. * Determining which marketing strategies are the best. * Isolating problem areas. Objectives of Marketing Cost Analysis The major objectives of marketing cost analysis are to determine the isolated contributions made to profitability and to evaluate the efficiency of all phases of the lodges marketing structure in terms of corporate goals and objectives.Types of marketing Costs Marketing costs in modern, large-sized firms belong to a kaleidoscopic variety. There are ever so many components of the marketing cost and they vary in their significance, size, measurability and controllability. Generally, marketing costs are to a greater extent difficult to measure and control, compared with other costs, such as material costs and manufacturing costs. Within the various components of marketing costs, some are relatively much amenable for measurement and control than othersAnalyzing the costs by function The first step in marketing cost analysis is to gather the cost details of the various marketing function and analyze the function keen-witted cost. For doing this, in the first instance various marketing activities have to be grouped into a few major and clearly identified functions. The marketing expenditure must be broken up over these functions.

Marketing Plan on Product Coca-Cola

Assignment art Plan On ( return Coca-Cola) Prep bed by Md. Mosaddek Hossen Id 0220012 Tanima Trina Id0220063 Sohel Mahmud Id 0220013 Sabrina Chawdhury Id 0000000 Group- social lion foodstuff c ar Sec-1 Submitted to Mr. Rumman Hassan Lecturer School of Business Indep closing curtainent University, Bangladesh twenty-fifth April, 2006 25 April, 2006 Mr. Rumman Hassan Course Instructor commercializeing Management School of air IUB, Dhaka-1212 Sub Letter of transmittal Dear Sir, Its our prominent joyousness to submit you this report on Market plan of Coca-cola.We beget got a bang-up experience artistry object working on this report. We would desire to get finish off this report to your kind consideration for some(prenominal) unintentional mistake that whitethorn acc determinationr while doing this report. We be always at your service if you want to ask us any thing nigh this report and it provide be a great pleasure to work with you again in future. genuine ly yours Md. Mosaddek Hossen Id 0220012 Tanima Trina Id0220063 Sohel Mahmud Id 0220013 Sabrina Chawdhury Id Group- Leo Table of Contents Page numberAck promptlyledgement 5 decision practiser Summary -6 Introduction -7 Beginning of the project 7 predate 7 go with Overview - 7-8 History 7 Coca-Cola club in Bangladesh 8 Mission Statement 8 Motto of Coca-Cola 9 strategic Goals -9 short(p) term 9 Long term 9 Situational Analysis 10-14 Product Definition 10 grease Name of Coca-Cola -10 External Factors 11-12 demographic 11 Social Factors 11 political Influence 12 Com dearieitors 12 establishment 12 Internal Factor - 13-14 Human visualizery Management 13 engine room -13 Management Levels 13 Financing aptitude 14 Marketing De whilement 14 sword Building feats 14-15 Relationship Building Effort 14 Building Values -14 Target Market 15 white plague Rate -15 Strategic Group Map of ch whollyengers in the b foreverage manufacturing 16 SWOT Analysis -17 Critical Success Factors 17-21 Strength 7-18 unmistakable 17 Own crossingion define 17-18 explore & Development -18 mettlesome commercialise piece of estate of the realm 18 deformity image 18 weakness - 18-19 Dont sell on account 18 slight(prenominal) motivation d experience period -19 Insufficient ad -19 not right village distri exceptor 19 Overconfidence in their harvest -19 hazard -20 soaring harvest-home rate -20 Huge local grocery store 20 Acceptance of Pet bottles 20 soundly sex actship with the scattering manoeuver 20 Good relation with the G e reallywherenment 20 Threats 21 former(a) existing conjunction 21 Good taste of competitors -21 Political dissymmetry 21Better professional promotion of competitor -21 Mas low gears power grammatical construction of postulate 22 Marketing assortment 22-26 Product 22 terms 23 Distri plainlyion Channel 24 Promotion 24-26 Promotional activities of Coca-Cola 24 gross revenue Promotion 25 Advertising -25 Public Relation 26 schema Alternatives 26 Strategy Recommendations -26 blade Element Choice Criteria 27-28 Exorability 27 Meaningfulness 27 Transferability 28 Adaptability 28 Protect ability 28 Marketing look for -29 General objective 29 Specific research -29 entropy collection 29 Bibliography -29 Acknowledgement First of either, we would like to thank our lector Mr. Rumman Hassan we be grateful to him for his co mathematical process in preparing this report. His proper guidance & befriendful billet help us to make this report. We like to thank Mr. M. A. Majed manager (statistics) of Tabani crapulence caller limited from whom we collected all the information. We offer special flummox to Mr.Shah Suja of Abdul M whizzm Ltd who really helped us by giving some information, which is required for our project. We similarly like to thanks Mr. Mustafir rahman who is a student of IUB & at the same clipping he is a distributor of coca-cola in Maymanshig districts who helps us to provide inform ation. Executive Summary More than a billion times e really(prenominal)day, thirsty state a brush up the humans reach for drunkennesss for refreshment. All around the domain, drinkableing beverage is like an entertainment for people. Soft drinks are considered as consumer yields. All round the world we merchant ship see a contrary selling phase angle used by the beverage producing companies but in Bangladesh it is a niggling different. The companies do non today sell their products to the end consumers.Companies such(prenominal) as Soft Drinks (Coca-Cola, Pepsi, RC-Cola, Uro-Cola, staring(a), etcetera, Mineral waters (Fresh, Mum, height and etc), Juices (Pran, Danish, Sezan, etc) are dependents on the distribution ships for making their products reach the terminal consumers. As the companies are non making the people aware ab prohibited their beverage through directly selling it to them, they use new(prenominal) media and means to make its nodes know ab come to the fore their products. They use the advertisements as one of the al climb(prenominal) alpha promotional in additionls. on with advertisement they withal use other(a) promotional joyrides. We cause make a study on Coca-Cola federation with the aim to learn ab come in the different grocery storeing prospects in Bangladesh and our selected product is Coca- Cola. Like always the political party is doing preferably well although at the current moment RC-Cola is dominating the interchange a bittie more(prenominal) than Coca-Cola.Still Coca-Cola has more food commercialize sell than its competitors. Coca-Cola has an effective marketing and denote break away. As the friendship does not meet that skillful village distributor they cannot reach out to a allot of people. There are lots of recommendations which are provided for the improvement of the functionality in the marketing sector The corporations investment in local communities in over 200 countries co ntributes billions of dollars in jobs, facilities, marketing, procure of local goods and services and nearly importantly the local business partnership. Introduction Beginning of the project We are students of MKT-302 Marketing Management. Our faculty Mr.Rumman Hassan, Lecturer, School of Business, Independent University, Bangladesh has assigned to us this report writing as a part of our course study. We are sincerely thankful to him for assigning or convention such fount of a project work in a group of quad members. Preface In the past we had moreover two foreign companies in the payoff of beverages. One is Coca-Cola confederation and the other Pepsi. In the youthful want time at that place is a change that we all can see. Some soreer companies set in up entered into this market. Still Coca-Cola is holding on to its position in terms of its market share and market position. Like always it has got the same tremendous receipt from the people in Bangladesh. Previously i t used to dominate a little more than what it does today. After the introduction ofRC-Cola, a sister concern of Partex group they swallow seen a little down fall in their market share. As people are getting more choice many another(prenominal) an(prenominal) of Coca-Colas customers live diverted to RC-Cola beverages. Still with the phoners ever attracting advertise they have been able to hold on to to the high-pitchedest degree of its customers. They likewise serve to their customers the best quality beverage. beau monde Overview History The first base corporation that conducted its operation in the batty drink perseverance was Coca-Cola. They brought a refreshing revolution in the history of the world. Coca-Cola was completed in May 1886 when a pharmacist Dr. John Styth PEMBERTON first produced syrup in a three-legged brass pot in Atlanta, Georgia backyard. Coca-Cola first bottled in 1894. sorrygish scale bottling was altogether possible in 1899. They marketed and distributed the product in particular territories. Coca-Cola Company in Bangladesh Even before our independence of Bangladesh the Coca-Cola Company has started its operation in Bangladesh. Coca-Cola started its operation chthonic a franchise agreement. In Bangladesh there are two franchisees conducting operation on behalf of Coca-Cola Company. One is Tabani Beverages Company Ltd and the other Abul Monem Ltd. Tabani Beverage was established in 1963 at 257, Tejgaon, Dhaka. It had a rated subject matter of 50 bpm on and acre land area. After independence, in 1972, the adjust was hand over to Bangladesh.Freedom fighter welfare trust under the ministry of industry with the increase of gradual market charter in 1985 transferred and sunrise(prenominal)ly installed the plant with an increased capacitor of 250 BPM at Mirpur on seven acre land area. In 1993 a new plant with viosterol BPM capacities was established just beside the previous plant. Now the total production line capacit y of the follow is app. 830 BPM. Tabani beverage produces 175 ml, 250 ml, 50 ml and 1000 ml meth bottle. They supply Coca-Cola drinks to Dhaka and Rajshahi divisions. Other than Tabani beverage the other franchisee of Coca-Cola Company is Abul Monem union ltd. In 1982 Abul Monem started their operation after they acquired the plant of K.Rahman & Company. In 1987 the participation do an aggressive move to expand their market. They installed new H & K bottling line along with and installed capacity of 450 BPM at Comilla. Furthermore they gild established another plant Chittagong. The state of the art bottling plant with an installed capacity 600 BPM is the most modern plant in the earth and is fit with the straight-line-technology from KHS German. Abul Monem produces the PET Bottles, CANS and GLASS Bottles of a newly introduced product. Mission Statement maintain for labor and a human right is the fundamental to Coca-Cola Companys principles for conducting business around the world.We treat our employees in more that 200 countries in which we do business in fairness, dignity with respect. Or bottling partners and we operate in accordance with local laws and contribute to the communities. Ultimately, a companys identicalness is measured by how it connects with people and with the world around it. That is why The Coca-Cola Companys mission is articulated as a promise. The Coca-Cola Company exists to realise and refresh e preciseone it touches. All of our success, both past and future, is a product of this promise. Our offset hinges upon our ability to build and nature relationship-with consumers, customers, bottling partners, suppliers, government agencies, communities, employees and share holders.Further, as we help to build thriving communities all around the world, we seek to ensure a healthy and sustainable marketplace for our beverages-today, and far into the future. Motto of Coca-Cola Through out the history of the worlds most general soft drink, advertising for Coca-Cola has doed the trends of time. Coca-Colas advertising guide words are memorable and prepare lasting impressions. Since the first slogan was introduced in 1886 Delicious and refreshing. The overall theme has been refreshment- one of the pleasant things in life, distinctive and operational nearly all(prenominal)where. Motto followed the demand to make Coca-Cola the best known soft drink in the world.Today, maxim for Coca-Cola and the companys other products are carefully aimed schlepards individual tastes while understanding the universal appeal of refreshment. And very appropriately, the company has internationally launched its new motto Theme Enjoy Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola motto, the worlds known consumer product demands the talents of professionals in many different areas. The mottos that has used till now are Dil thanda to duniya thanda Strategic Goals Short term To create Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value in their current product Long term To acquire the position as a market leader of the beverage industry in Bangladesh by producing & serving high-quality and high value-added soft drink. Situational Analysis Product DefinitionCoca-Cola is consumer product because last consumer for personal consumption gets it. It in any case falls under the family unit of Convenience product, which requires very little planning, Little Comparison, low customer involvement, low harm. It widespread distribution at convenient place makes it easier for the consumer to purchase the product. Coca-Cola has different sizes. They have 1 litre glass bottle as well pet bottle. Coca-Cola too has 175 ml and 250ml glass bottles. In addition, they also have 1. 5 liter of pet bottle and in the recent past they introduced into the market 2 liter pet bottle coke. It has also 250ml of can coke. tell on Name of Coca-Cola Coca-Cola Has become one of the most popular and widely known Brand roduct in the world It has high tick off equity, and because of its high notice loyalty, get awareness, Perceived quality, strong put up connector and other pluss such as patent trademark and channel relationship. The Coca-Cola spot is value at $ 70 billion. here we are dealing with tow most important websiteal factors- External & Internal factors. Some important determinants for this situation analysis are as follows EXTERNAL FACTORS INTERNAL FACTORS 1. Demographics 1. Human resourcefulness Management 2. Social Factors 2.Financial Capacity 3. Political Influence 3. Technology 4. Competitors 4. Management Level 5. Government 5. Marketing Department Table 1 situational factors External Factors Demographic Demographic is the study of peoples life-sustaining statistics such as their age, race, ethnicity and location. It is an uncontrollable factor in the external environment. Demographic is very important for marketing managers.After survey we follow that teenagers are the prime consumer of Coca-Cola products, rather than the pe ople at the age group of 60. Coca-Cola does not have an effective and fast distribution channel in the villages of Bangladesh. Their competitors have an upper hand in this zone. From the demographic point of view we have done a survey on the population who consume more Coca-Cola. Age Limit Percentage of Consumer Below 10 10 11-15 20 16-20 23 21-25 18 26-35 14 36-45 11 45 and preceding(prenominal) 04 complete 100 Table 2 Source Tabani beverage Ltd Social Factors The most difficult external factors for marketing managers to forecast control or turn back into marketing plans is the social factor. Social factors include our attitudes, values and lifestyle.According to the companys mission statement or other statements it is clear that they do not use any such ingredients (e. g. Alcohol), which, contradict to our perception, values of Islamic religion or any other norms, and believes. Political Influence In Bangladesh hartal is a part of our life. Like all other third world c ounties we have political problems too. The marketing manager of Coca-Cola Company generally sells Coca-Cola 8,000 shimmys (1 case = 24 bottles) per day but during hartal time the company faces a great loss as they cannot transport their products to the market. Other than hartals they seem to have lesser problems regarding the political condition of Bangladesh. CompetitorsPepsi is a very powerful notice name and is one of the biggest competitors of Coca-Cola. They fight with Coca-Cola throughout the world and it is no different in Bangladesh. At the current moment RC- Cola is a very big brand name in Bangladesh and is the greatest contender for Coca-Cola in Bangladesh. visual sense Dew is a new brand and is a threat for Coca-Cola. RC beverages with the brand image that Partex holds in this country RC beverage easily became a big competitor for Coca-Cola. RCs market share is increasing which in not a good sign for Coca-Cola. Mineral water such as Mum, Fresh, ACME also a competit or of Coca-Cola. Different kinds of Juice also compete with soft drinks. GovernmentCoca-Cola has been in business in Bangladesh for a long time but still today there is no script of the company being in any conflict with the government. Coca-Cola always tries to follow the government rules and regulation and they always pays the government the taxes and tariffs while bringing in their raw materials from their Parent Company. Internal Factor Human Resource Management Human resource management refers to the system that influences employees behavior, attitudes and performance. The roles of the Human Resource in Coca-Cola Company are as follows Change Agents Choose a Strategic Partner Expert Administration Body Recruit experienced and Efficient Employees Technology Like all other companies, for Coca-Cola, technology is the most important factor.Coca-Cola uses very high-tech machines for its production. In 1993 a new plant with euchre BPM capacities was established just beside the previous plant. Now the total production line capacity of the company is app. 830 BPM. In 1987 the Abul Monem Company installed new H & K bottling line along with and installed capacity of 450 BPM. The state of the art bottling plant with an installed capacity 600 BPM is the most modern plant in the country and is equipped with the straight-line-technology from KHS German. Management Levels Coca-Cola Company has three management levels Strategic level The Production Procedure, HRM, Store, Finance, Quality Control is all under his control. technical foul Level They are obligated for the administration, production, gross revenue & distribution of Coca-Cola products. Under production department they have quality managers under brand manager they have brand officer and marketing officer. Operational manager They are responsible for the distribution of the products and are responsible for al operational activities. Financing Capacity From the financial report of 2002 and 2003 we can conclude that the company has a very good and sound financial capacity. Coca-Cola has a very high level of income. Moreover they are successfully conducting their business all over the world. Marketing DepartmentAll their distribution & sales promotion falls under this department. Coca-Cola Company has the marketing intelligence. They do a survey in all over the market situation and thence they decide what step they should take. During the off seasons the marketing managers takes some promotional activities and uses few strategies to maintain their economic ingathering rate. The promotional strategies they use are like giving gifts, coupons, scratch tease etc. Brand Building Efforts Relationship Building Effort As the worlds spectacularst bottler of liquid, nonalcoholic refreshment, we operate in markets with dramatically different consumer preferences, product language systems, economic conditions, and marketplace opportunities.Despite these variables, Coca-Cola Enterprises me ets the needs of local customers and communities throughout its assorted territories with a strong commitment to local, community-based marketing and superior marketplace execution. These concepts, combine with our firm belief in a decentralized operating structure that places responsibility and accountability as close as possible to the customer, clear distinguishes Coca-Cola Enterprises from other bottlers. Building Values The people of Coca-Cola Enterprises are the heart and somebody of our business, building relationships with our customers and our consumers in the communities we serve. By putting people first, we hope to create value for everyone touched by our Company.We strive for an atmosphere in which all employees are comfortable being themselves offering ideas, making suggestions, expressing views, and appreciating our shared and exclusive differences regardless of their age, race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation. Target Market From th e above table we can see that Coca-Cola Companys main objective lens audience is the teenage people (16-20). They aim their advertisement mostly at them. Then they target the age group of 11-15. They are also quite a significant consumer of Coca-Cola products. They hardly target the aged people. Their target is surrounded by the ranges of 11-35 years old population. expending Rate manakin 1 Consumption rate of Coca-Cola & other brands No matter how hot or still the flavor feud becomes this summer Coke wont be sweating it too much.Coca-Cola up 30 Tk to 40 Tk, the worlds largest beverage maker, is still comfortably perched in its slot as the local market leader, harmonize to Beverage Digest. soon market share of product Coca-Cola is 23%. Comparing to other beverages Coca-Cola is the market leader product brand. Strategic Group Map of competitors in the beverage industry Figure 2 Strategic Group Map of competitors in the beverage industry Products in adversely affected strategic groups may try to shift to a more favorably situated group. Here in beverage industry entry barrier is low thats why too much product are available. Currently Coca-Cola, Pepsi, RC-cola, Virgin cola stands in same strategic group.Here Coca-Cola is the leading product of the beverage market industry in both market share and revenue enhancement coevals. Pepsi has 2nd largest market share but its revenue generation is less than RC-cola. RC-cola has low market share canvass Coca-Cola and Pepsi but revenue generation is high. In Beverage industry upper 10, RC orange are the worst revenue generation product. Mum mineral water has demand but thats market share is also low comparing to Coca-Cola. In this figure u see strategic gap. No company wants of reached their product in that position because it is not possible low market share with high volume of revenue. On the other hand no company wants for a product with high market share but low revenue generation. SWOT Analysis Strengths Weak nesses indubitable Do not sell on account Own production plant slight motivation down stream Research & Development Insufficient advertisement High market share Not skillful distributor Brand image Over confidence on their product Opportunities Threats High festering rate Other existing company Huge local market Good taste of competitor Acceptance of pet bottles is high than Political stability bottles Better professional promotion of other Good relation with distribution channel competitor Good relation Govt. Table 3 SWOT Analysis Critical Success Factors Strength Patent Patent is most important and powerful strength of Coca-Cola Company. Its an intangible asset for the company. Coca-Cola Company is a very well established group not only in Bangladesh but also all through out the world. They have a strong brand image all over the world and the same follows in Bangladesh. First half of the Coca-Cola Company is trade marked as Coca, so nobody can use this name. Patent is their powerful strength because its carries their image as one of the most reputed producers of beverage in the whole world. Own production plantCoca-Cola Company has their own production plant in Bangladesh-Tabani Beverage established their own production plant with the capacity of 250 BPM, and beside that they newly installed higher capacity of d BPM. So they dont need to depend on others. They only import the Syrup from the patent company & produce it for production. Another franchisee, Abdul Monem Company Ltd. started bottling line with the capacity of 450 BPM. Furthermore, they installed the most modern bottling plant capacity of 600 BPM from KHS German. Research & Development They have well-established research & development department where they research over their existing product concentration & try to develop it.They also do researching on different taste of their products. They have highly pendant employees for their research & development dept. High market sh are They are the most prominent manufacturers among all the beverage company in Bangladesh. They have higher market share than their competitors. Coca-Cola enthrals a market share of 26% where as the other products of Coca-Cola Company has very little share compared to it. Their greatest rival in Bangladesh is RC-Cola, which has a market share of only 19%. This shows that Coca-Cola Company has a high market share. Brand image They have the most dominant brand name all over the world they made their image for their brand name Coca-Cola.Whenever people look about soft drinks, the first name that comes into their opinion is Coke. This shows how popular they are and how strong is their brand image. Weakness Dont sell on account Coca-Cola Company doesnt sell on account, whereas other companies like selling on account to their dealers. For not selling on account their profit bank tends to go down. Also, they are loosing their dealers and distributors. Other companies are attracting th ose distributors and as distribution channel is the only way that the company can use to reach its final consumers they are facing serious problems. Less motivation down stream They are very steady flow motivators for their product.They motivate but not so strictly, mean not maintaining the time period Need more Insufficient advertisement In our country, Coca-Cola does not have enough advertisement promotion. Thus their competitors are professionally more advanced than them. Their customers are not properly informed. They think that their brand name would always do the trick for them. Due to less advertisement promotion they are behind their competitor. We hardly can find any advertisement of Coca-Cola in villages. So, many of the customers of that parts of Bangladesh are not having Coca-Cola. Not skillful village distributor Coca-Cola does not have a good and skillful village distributor.Coca-Cola products can hardly be seen in village areas. Their advertisements are also hardly se en in those areas. The distributors are not promoting Coca-Cola products in villages, which their competitors are. Their distributors do not have outlets or any other such facilities, which could be promotional for the companys products. Overconfidence in their product Just from the point mentioned above we can know that the company has overconfidence over their product. As they are the first beverage producers in the world and has a very strong brand image and patent, the company thinks that they will be able to sell their products without too any promotional activities.Coca-Cola does not have too much advertisement and are also not willing to sell their products on account to their dealers. As such they do not have that good distribution channel alfresco Dhaka city. They think people would buy their products because of its brand name. Opportunity High growth rate From its very inception in Bangladesh, Coca-Cola has a very potential market in our country because of its internation al reputation, quality and high acceptance among people of all ages. Coca-Cola does not have that good distribution channel outside Dhaka but now they are hard to get hold of better distributors and thus the village people can have access to their products. So it can be seen that in the near future they can have even a greater market share than today.Huge local market The selling activities of Coca-Cola are very high in the local market than other existing company. They capture the whole market by giving the best quality to their customer and dealing professionally. Acceptance of Pet bottles Coca-Cola launched attractive pet bottles, which is accepted by the entire customer, as it is portable and people are willing to buy these pet bottles rather than the bottles. So their effort to launch pet bottles is successful. Good relationship with the distribution channel Coca-Cola Company and its distributor have a very good relationship with each other. They supply their product according to their needs.They promote their distribution channel through discount & allowances. They serve their dealers on time. Good relation with the Government Good relationship with the Govt. is very important for any company to run its business. Threats Other existing company The other rising companies are becoming threat for Coca-Cola. Opening of one company decreases 1% market share each year. Today RC Cola is a very reputed beverage producer and with their attractive advertisements and distribution channels they are at this moment in a better position then Coca-Cola and it is a big threat to them. Not only RC Cola but Pepsi, Virgin and euro lemon are also in this business.This means that consumers have more options to choose. Good taste of competitors The other beverage companys product is also coming up with the different taste like mountain dew, URO cola with lemon, Fizz- UP, Pepsi has but Coca-Cola Company does not have any product like that in our country. So that its been a gre at threat for Coca-Cola. Political instability Like all other companies Coca-Cola also faces a lot of problems regarding the political situation of our country. The political instability creates a lot of problems in the production of goods. Due to hartals, the transportation of their products is affected a lot. Better professional promotion of competitorCompetitors are becoming very professional with their advertising. RC Cola has designed a very attractive advertisement. They are exploitation all well-known models like Nobel and Reshmi, who is an Indian model, for heir advertisements. Not only RC-Cola but also other beverage producers are using models and jingles for their advertisements. Coca-Cola on the other hand does not have that many advertisements an as such is being threatened by its competitors. There is a guess that their competitors would capture greater market share through advertisements. Maslows hierarchy of ineluctably In 1943, Abraham Maslow first published his famous Hierarchy of Needs to explain what energizes and directs human behavior.It is no accident that very successful brands, such as Coke, appeal too many of Maslows deficiency and growth needs and that these needs are linked to powerful emotions Physiological Needs (Coca-Cola quenches thirst and hunger. It is delicious& refreshing. ) Safety/Security Needs (Coca-Cola is safe to drink worldwide. It is unchanging Classic Coca-Cola. ) Belongingness Needs (You are part of a large group of people who love Coca-Cola. ) Esteem Needs (Coca-Cola is recognized as a premium soft drink worldwide. It also call to mind memories of special times and places. ) Aesthetic Needs (All Coke ads and designs have a sense of site and beauty. Self-actualization Needs (On the Coca-Cola web site, there are many stories on how Coca-Cola has deeply affected peoples lives) Marketing Mix Product Our selected product is Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola has different sizes. They have 1 liter glass bottle as well pet bo ttle. Coca-Cola also has 175 ml and 250ml glass bottles. In addition, they also have 1. 5 liter of pet bottle and in the recent past they introduced into the market 2 liter pet bottle Coca-Cola. It has also 250ml of can Coca-Cola. Whats in a Coca-cola carbonate Water High Fructose Corn Syrup Caramel pretense Phosphoric Acid Natural Flavors Caffeine Price The retail price of the beverage products are given below Product Item measuring stick per pack Price 250 ml. 12. 00 Tk Coca-Cola 500 ml 20. 00 Tk 1000 ml. (Pet) 40. 00 Tk 1500 ml 50. 00 Tk 2250 ml 65. 00 Tk 250 ml. 12. 0 Tk Sprite 500 ml 20. 00 Tk 1000 ml. (Pet) 40. 00 Tk 1500 ml 50. 00 Tk 2250 ml 65. 00 Tk Fanta 250 ml. 12. 00 Tk RC- cola 250 ml. 500 ml 10. 00 Tk 1000 ml. (Pet) 18. 00 Tk 1500 ml 35. 00 Tk 45. 00 Tk Pepsi 250 ml. 12. 00 Tk 500 ml 20. 0 Tk 1000 ml. (Pet) 40. 00 Tk 1500 ml 50. 00 Tk 2250 ml 65. 00 Tk 7 up 250 ml. 12. 00 Tk 500 ml 20. 00 Tk 1000 ml. (Pet) 40. 0 Tk 1500 ml 50. 00 Tk 2250 ml 65. 00 Tk Mum 500 ml 10. 00 Tk 1000 ml 20. 00 Tk Sezan juice 250 ml 15. 00 Tk Pran juice 250 ml 12. 00 Tk Table 4 Source Tabani beverage Ltd Distribution Channel Figure 3 Distribution Channel The company will establish an vast distribution channel for all brand of coca-cola company to make it available throughout the country. It will build hexad distribution centers (Agent) in the six divisions of Bangladesh Dhaka, Chittagong, Sylhet, Rajshahi, Khulna, and Barishal. From these distribution centers, they will supply the coca-cola & other brands to different districts dealers. From dealers, the sales representatives will supply retail shops (small and mega) on the basis of their demand. The small traders will purchase Coca-Cola directly from the dealers.Promotion Promotional activities of Coca-Cola Promotion means activities that communicate the merits of the product and persuade target customers to buy it. According to Coca-Cola promotion is on e of the major(ip) tools of marketing. A good way of promoting a product not only helps to influence and motivate people to buy it but also give a good impression about a company and it products. Sales Promotion Sales promotion includes marketing activities-other than personal selling, advertising, and public relations- that stimulates consumers, trade and dealer effectiveness. Sales promotion can be aimed at end consumers, trade customers, or companys employees.Coca-Cola offers all of these sales promotions every year for various purposes. Coca-Cola s sales promotion tools include openhanded samples. Sales promotion is generally a short run tool used to stimulate immediate increase in demand. Frequently Coca-Cola uses sales promotion to improve the effectiveness of their promotion mix ingredients, especially advertising. Research shows that sales promotion complements advertising by yielding faster sales responses. Advertising Advertising is a form of impersonal, one-way mass dis course paid for the sponsor. Many different media may transmit it. Examples include television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, billboards etc. Coca-Cola does advertise by these media as well.The Coca-Cola advertising usually follows a campaign process that consists of five phases Determining the advertising objectives Setting the campaign compute Determining the kernel to be transmitted to the target market Selecting the pith vehicle and Evaluating the campaign Advertising is one of the most important promotional tools among the promotion mix of a company, which is used in order to go their message along with visual effect. Coca-Cola is number one global brand in soft drinks items. So it also uses media advertising in order to capture full market coverage through out the world. In case of any sort of advertising campaign or slogan i. e. he central theme of ad is the most important part advertisement along with its storyboard. In fact, ad campaign communicates the prod uct message to its target customers. Public Relation Concerned about the public images, Coca-Cola oftentimes spend large sum of money to build a validating consumer image. Public relations are the marketing function that- Evaluates public attitudes Identifies the policies and procedures of the company and Executes a program of action to earn public understanding and acceptance. A solid public relations program can generate friendly publicity also. Thus Coca-Cola now spends huge money in the naughty field such as football and cricket, Sponsoring for charity shows etc.Organizing the Asian Test Cricket Championship, Coca-Cola Companies of Bangladesh paid Tk4, 000,000 approximate only for the final match of this tournament. Strategy Alternatives Maintain existing strategies Consolidate resources to focus on the soft drink market and divest of other businesses such as harvest drinks Leverage brand equity and financial resources to accelerate global market penetration with a vie w toward long-term profits Strategy Recommendations Focus on global market expansion Leverage brand equity and financial resources to dominate the global market Consider divesting of fruit drink lines and then reallocating resources to dominate the global soft drink market Brand Element Choice Criteria Exorability Brand Element Criterion Brand Name Coca-Cola can be easily recalled and recognized Slogans Coca-Cola Enjoy perpetually Coca-Cola Pio Saar Uthake Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola Dil Thanda to Dunia Thanda Thandar naam Coca-Cola can be chosen to enhance brand recall and cognizance Jingles Jingle can be also memorable Package amiable color with different packaging which contain all the information to make the package memorable one Logos & Symbol Unique logo and style of it by using red and white color that creates leader to its consumers mind Table 5 Source Tabani beverage Ltd Meaningfulness Brand Element Criterion Brand Name Name of Coca-Cola has come from co coa palm leaves and cola nut. Slogan Its slogan has excellent marrow which can convey a message to build association Jingle Its jingle carries distinctive message to its customer Package Its packaging color convey the meaning of joy and pleasure Logo & Symbol Its logo & symbol is uncomparable and different from its competitor Table 6 Source Tabani beverage Ltd Transferability Brand Element Criterion Brand Name Coca-Cola is globally accepted Brand Slogan Its Slogan is easily acceptable through out the world Jingle Jingle is transferable according to the culture of the host country Package Packaging color and style is attractive through out the world Logo & Symbol